Tolima Reports 55 Yellow Fever Related Fatalities

The Republic of Colombia is currently experiencing a severe yellow fever outbreak, one of the worst in recent decades.

As of January 21, 2026, the Ministry of Health reported on Facebook that 157 confirmed cases had occurred since 2024, resulting in 70 deaths. This data represents a significant increase in transmission, particularly in the department of Tolima, which has recorded 137 cases and 55 deaths.

Historically considered low-risk for yellow fever, Tolima's situation indicates a shifting geographic distribution of the disease.

The recent rise in cases and a confirmed death in January 2026 reflect ongoing transmission.

Many cases arise in forested areas where Haemagogus mosquitoes and non-human primates transmit yellow fever. Still, some infections have occurred near urban areas, including the city of Bogotá, raising concerns for residents and travelers.

Bogotá is Colombia's largest city, with a population exceeding 7.5 million residents, and is a South American travel hub.

Colombia does not generally require proof of yellow fever vaccination for entry from most countries. A completed International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis (ICVP) is valid for life under International Health Regulations. It is required for travelers from certain parts of Africa or other South American countries, such as Brazil.

The single-dose yellow fever vaccine (YF-VAX, Stamaril) provides lifelong immunity for most people. It is a live attenuated vaccine, so it is not suitable for everyone.

When visiting Colombia in 2026, some domestic flights, national parks, or jungle tours may request vaccination proof, such as the ICVP.