Zika Breaking News

The World Health Organization (WHO) has published its 60th situation report on the multi-country mpox outbreak. Since May 2022, when the mpox outbreak was first recorded, the WHO's report offers insights into the global epidemiological situation and includes updated data on this severe disease.

As of December 8, 2025, the WHO stated that all clades of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) continue to circulate. When mpox outbreaks are not rapidly contained, and human-to-human transmission is not interrupted, there is a risk of sustained community transmission.

For example, in October 2025, 44 countries across all WHO regions reported 2,501 new confirmed mpox cases, including 12 related deaths, for a case fatality ratio of 0.5%. About 75% of these cases were reported in the African Region. 

Outside Africa, local transmission of clade Ib MPXV has been occurring in Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain, the United States of America, and Malaysia.

New imported mpox cases due to clade Ib MPXV have been detected among travellers in Belgium, Germany, Greece, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

According to the U.S. CDC, mpox is a vaccine-preventable disease and is recommended for those at risk.

Getting both recommended JYNNEOS doses provides the best protection against monkeypox.

The CDC says that whether or not you've been vaccinated, you can continue to reduce your risk of getting monkeypox.

The Ministry of Health, Families, Autonomy and Persons with Disabilities, and Public Health France have been informed of two cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in France.

According to a press release dated December 4, 2025, these two cases were confirmed based on suggestive symptoms and a history of shared travel to the Arabian Peninsula. Management measures have been implemented to limit the risk of virus transmission.

These two cases occurred in individuals who had participated in the same trip, but no secondary transmission chains have been identified within the country at this stage. The other individuals who participated in the trip have also been monitored since the identification of the first confirmed case.

In France, only two cases were recorded as of 2013.

MERS-CoV is a virus that was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and is primarily transmitted from animals to humans. Since then, more than 2,600 cases of MERS-CoV have been reported worldwide.

The virus is endemic to dromedary camels and bats in the Arabian Peninsula and parts of Africa. 

France says: if you experience these symptoms and have recently traveled to these areas and/or been in contact with people who have experienced them, do not hesitate to consult your doctor.

The Centre for Health Protection (CHP) of the Department of Health announced today that the CHP has recorded a total of 76 confirmed Chikungunya fever (CF) cases this year.

As of December 2, 2025, seven CF cases were local, and the rest were imported. Furthermore, the risk of imported cases persists.

Recently, the CHP also informed approximately 130 primary care doctors in Kwai Tsing District, located north west of Hong Kong, urging them to closely monitor patients with compatible symptoms and arrange blood tests for those concerned. The CHP's Public Health Laboratory Services Branch will provide free virus testing services.

The CHP's media statement confirmed all relevant departments have comprehensively enhanced the mosquito control operations in Hong Kong since July 2025, and this has continued.

Controlling this mosquito-transmitted disease is essential as the symptoms are generally self-limiting and last for a few days, while in some cases, joint pain may persist for several months or even years. Severe symptoms and deaths from Chikungunya are rare and usually related to other coexisting health problems.

Although the northern hemisphere has entered the winter, temperatures in subtropical and some temperate regions remain elevated due to climate change, creating favourable conditions for mosquito breeding and the transmission of viruses, such as Chikungunya.

In addition, CF outbreaks continue to occur in many countries worldwide.

Since the beginning of 2025, and as of September 30, a total of 445,271 suspected and confirmed CF cases and 155 CF-related deaths have been reported in 40 countries/territories. Cases have been reported in the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Europe.

To alert international travelers departing from the United States, the US CDC has published Level 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions, Travel Health Advisories for countries in the Indian Ocean and Cuba.

In Florida, over 60 Chikungunya cases have been associated with visitors from Cuba.

The CDC advises travelers to consult a travel vaccine expert about Chikungunya immunization options before visiting these countries in 2025.

Speaking at a recent press conference, Jamaica's Minister of Health & Wellness, Dr. the Hon. Christopher Tufton, CD MP, noted that while the Caribbean island country has managed the recent Leptospirosis outbreak following the passage of Hurricane Melissa, there is no great risk to tourists coming to Jamaica.'

According to the Minister on November 28, 2025, "We have discerned no great risk as it relates to facilities that cater to tourists, including hotels and attractions. There is a certification process that is required for these facilities, and this is done collaboratively with the local health and tourism authorities."

"We are not giving an advisory to discourage visitors, but to alert the vulnerable communities, which have been identified."

Jamacia reported that between October 30 and November 20, 2025, a total of 9 confirmed and 28 suspected cases of leptospirosis were reported in eight parishes, including St. Ann, St. Mary, St. James, Hanover, Westmoreland, St. Elizabeth, St. Catherine, and Trelawny.

According to the U.S. CDC, Leptospirosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Leptospira and can be transmitted through contaminated water or soil. Without treatment, leptospirosis in people can lead to kidney damage, meningitis, liver failure, trouble breathing, and even death.

Leptospirosis is found worldwide, including throughout the United States. About 1 million cases occur globally each year, with nearly 60,000 deaths.

As of December 2, 2025, the CDC has not issued a Travel Health Notice regarding this outbreak in Jamaica, and reports that no preventive vaccines are currently available for this disease.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) today announced the appointment of Martin Kulldorff, Ph.D., as chief science officer for the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, the HHS's in-house think tank, providing policy advice to the Secretary.

Kulldorff is a biostatistician and epidemiologist with more than 200 peer-reviewed publications.

"Martin Kulldorff transformed ACIP from a rubber stamp into a committee that delivers gold-standard science for the American people," HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. said in a press release on December 1, 2025.

He recently chaired the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and previously taught at Harvard Medical School.

Before his leadership on ACIP, Kulldorff helped build the CDC and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) vaccine and drug safety surveillance systems by developing new statistical and epidemiological methods for the Vaccine Safety Datalink and Sentinel systems. He served on the FDA Drug Safety and Risk Management Advisory Committee and on the ACIP COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Technical Work Group.

The ACIP committee is scheduled to meet for two days later this week under new leadership. The agenda for Thursday's meeting focuses on the Hepatitis B vaccine.

Over the last few decades, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued recommendations on vaccine use for the civilian population of the United States.

According to the draft agenda for the ACIP meeting posted on December 1, 2025, this Thursday's topics will include updates from the CDC, specifically regarding the Hepatitis B vaccine.

The ACIP includes up to 19 voting members who make vaccine recommendations selected by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

The CDC says, 'The best way to prevent hepatitis B is by getting vaccinated.'

Then, on December 5, 2025, presentations of the ACIP Workgroups, CDC Vaccine Risk Monitoring Evaluation, Vaccine Schedule History, Childhood/Adolescent Immunization Schedule Discussion and Considerations.

Previous ACIP meeting agendas and presentations are posted on this CDC webpage.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently issued a Travel Health Notice regarding the expanding health risk of contracting the rabies virus when visiting India. And the CDC reaffirmed the risk of fake rabies vaccinations.

On November 25, 2025, the CDC posted a Level 1 - Practice Usual Precautions notice stating a case of Rabies had been reported in the U.S. in a traveler from India. Travelers potentially exposed to Rabies in India should immediately seek local medical care.

This advice is essential as Rabies is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system. Last year, India's National Centre for Disease Control recorded 54 suspected rabies deaths.

The CDC says upon returning home, travelers should follow up with their health care provider as soon as possible. And in the USA, infected bats are the leading source of infection in people.

To prevent contracting rabies, travelers to India should avoid all contact with dogs, cats, and other wild mammals.

And consider getting vaccinated against Rabies before traveling abroad.

In the United States, rabies vaccines are available at pharmacies and travel clinics.

In India, the circulation of counterfeit ABHAYRAB human rabies vaccine has recently been reported in major cities. Counterfeit vaccines may not be effective in the prevention of Rabies and could contain harmful ingredients, says the CDC.