Cade II Mpox Outbreak in Sierra Leone Confirmed

Throughout 2025, mpox outbreaks have been reported in various African countries, where the disease has become endemic in forested areas of Central and West Africa.

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an outbreak of clade II mpox is currently occurring in Sierra Leone, where mpox is endemic.

The CDC states that, unlike the ongoing global clade II mpox outbreak, which began in May 2022, this outbreak has affected males and females aged 20 to 39 years similarly. 

Furthermore, person-to-person transmission has occurred during this outbreak, including through sexual or other intimate contact.

As of July 17, 2025, Mpox vaccination is recommended for travelers to Sierra Leone who anticipate at-risk activities.

For those recommended to receive the mpox vaccination, two doses of the JYNNEOS® (MVA-BN®, IMVAMUNE®) vaccine, administered at least 28 days apart, are the standard protocol to maximize immunity.

Some countries, such as France, are offering mpox vaccine booster doses in 2025.

Additionally, current research is focused on the risk/benefit of mpox vaccination in infants, breastfeeding, and pregnant women. 

This CDC-recommended vaccine is commercailly available in clinics and pharmacies throughout the United States.