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May 27, 2023 • 4:43 am CDT
U.S. CDC Travel Advisory For Mexico May 26, 2023

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) today confirmed some US residents returning from Mexico were diagnosed with suspected fungal meningitis infections that have led to severe illness and death.

In a Level 2, Practice Enhanced Precautions advisory issued on May 26, 2023, the CDC stated travelers with these infections had medical or surgical procedures that involved injection of an anesthetic into the area around the spinal column (i.e., epidural) performed at clinics in Matamoros, including River Side Surgical Center and Clinica K-3.

If you had a procedure involving an epidural injection of an anesthetic in Matamoros, Mexico, any time since January 1, 2023, learn what additional steps you should take, says the CDC.

There are millions of fungal species, but only a few hundred of them can make people sick. Fungal meningitis infections are not contagious and are not transmitted from person to person.

Although anyone can get fungal meningitis, people with weakened immune systems are at increased risk.

Certain health conditions, medications, and surgical procedures may weaken the immune system. Symptoms of fungal meningitis infections include fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, confusion, or sensitivity to light.

Fungal meningitis is treated with IV (injected through a vein) and oral medications. The CDC says that treatment length can vary depending on the fungus type.

May 26, 2023 • 2:29 pm CDT
by Simon

The Chilean Ministry of Health recently issued a health alert in Arica, Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, and the Metropolitan Region, for the risk of Aedes aegypti mosquitos transmitting viruses such as yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, zika, and malaria.

The health alert empowers the strengthening of the surveillance system and the adoption of opportune measures for the control of mosquitoes and viruses.

“The Ministry of Health is taking the necessary measures,” Fernando Leanes, representative of the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization in Chile, told CNN Chile on May 4, 2023.

In South America, the Stamaril® yellow fever vaccine is generally available.

Other travel vaccines are listed by Vax-Before-Travel.

May 26, 2023 • 1:09 pm CDT
by Mantel Blatt

The U.K. Health Security Agency (UKHSA) today published an analysis focused on the resurgence of mpox in England.

As of May 24, 2023, the UKHSA reported 20 new cases of mpox.

 Of these, 19 were in England (10 cases were presumed to have acquired mpox in the U.K., eight were acquired outside the U.K., and one was waiting for classification), and one was in Scotland.

The UKHSA did not disclose the vaccination status of the mpox cases.

During 2022, there were 3,732 confirmed and highly probable mpox cases reported in the U.K. Of these, 3,553 were in England.

Before 2022, cases diagnosed in the U.K. had been imported from countries where mpox is endemic or contacts with documented epidemiological links to imported cases. Between 2018 and 2021, there were 7 cases of mpox in the U.K. 

Anyone eligible for mpox vaccination in the U.K. is urged to come forward for the vaccine in the coming months to protect themselves before the summer of 2023.

Steve Russell, NHS director of vaccinations and screening, stated in March 2023, "There is still time to get your first and second doses if you haven't already, which will provide long-term protection against the virus and any possible future outbreaks, so please do book an appointment while the offer is available on the NHS."

Bavarian Nordic's JYNNEOS® (MVA-BN) vaccine is offered in the U.K. as well as in the U.S.

Last week, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed a cluster of mpox infections in mostly vaccinated men in the Chicago, Illinois area.

Mpox is a sexually transmitted disease, similar to HPV and hepatitis, that is vaccine-preventable.

May 26, 2023 • 10:33 am CDT
U.S. CDC Flu trends May 26, 2023

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) today announced week #20 is the last full version of FluView for the 2022-2023 influenza season.

Starting with week #21, an abbreviated summer version of FluView will be published. The full version is expected to resume for week #40 of 2023, which is the start of the 2023-2024 influenza season.

As of May 26, 2023, seasonal influenza activity remains low nationally, with outpatient respiratory illness below baseline in eight of 10 HHS regions.

Unfortunately, 154 pediatric flu fatalities have been reported so far this season.

The good news is the majority of influenza viruses tested are in the same genetic subclade and antigenically similar to the influenza viruses included in this season’s influenza vaccine.

The CDC continues to recommend that everyone ages six months and older get an annual flu shot as long as flu activity continues in their area, or intend to visit a country where the local flu season is accelerating.

Various influenza vaccines remain available at health clinics and pharmacies in the U.S.

 

May 26, 2023 • 8:52 am CDT
by Peter Mellow

Are you an international traveler looking for an undiscovered, safe destination to visit? According to the U.S. Department of State, the Republic of the Marshall Islands could be an option.

With about six thousand annual visitors in 2019, these Pacific Islands are undiscovered.

This U.S. Territory includes 29 atolls and over 1,200 islands, famous for its numerous shipwrecks.

On May 23, 2023, the State Department's Level 1 travel advisory confirmed without COVID-19 restrictions, visitors to this Oceanic retreat should exercise standard precautions.

Should Americans need assistance, the U.S. Embassy in the Marshall Islands is located at Mejen Weto, Ocean Side, Majuro, Marshall Islands.

However, non-emergency consular services were recently suspended indefinitely. For questions and inquiries, call 247- 4011 or email [email protected].

From a health perspective, there was a shortage of necessary medical supplies and medications in April 2023.

And the U.S. CDC suggests various routine vaccinations before visiting the Marshall Islands.

May 26, 2023 • 7:02 am CDT
ECDC flu data May 26, 2023

The ECDC and the WHO Regional Office for Europe jointly reported influenza transmissions have significantly decreased.

As of May 21, 2023, the percentage of all sentinel primary care specimens from patients presenting with symptoms that tested positive for an influenza virus decreased to 2% from 4% in the previous week, which is below the epidemic threshold set at 10%.   

And 15 of 39 countries or areas reported low intensity; there were no reports of medium or higher intensity, with only 2 of 38 countries across the Region reporting widespread activity. 

Both the ECDC and WHO suggest international travelers speak with a healthcare provider about flu shot options for the forthcoming 2023-2023 influenza season.

 

 

May 26, 2023 • 6:07 am CDT
WHO COVID-19 data dashboard

The WHO's Weekly Epidemiological Update #144 provides an overview of the global, regional, and country-level COVID-19 cases and related fatalities.

As of May 25, 2023, nearly 2.3 million new cases and almost 15,000 fatalities were reported in the last 28 days, a decrease of 21% and 17%, respectively, compared to the previous 28 days.

The global situation is mixed at the regional level, with increases in reported cases seen in the WHO African and Western Pacific Regions and increases in fatalities in the African, the Americas, South-East Asia, and Western Pacific Regions. 

Disaggregated data are still accessible on the WHO COVID-19 dashboard, where the entire dataset is available for download.

May 25, 2023 • 4:08 pm CDT
by Andrew from Pixabay

Puerto Rico's Department of Health Arboviral Disease recently reported increased dengue and Zika cases.

As of May 25, 2023, the data for week #19 indicates 305 dengue and 25 Zika probable cases so far this year.

While no Zika vaccines are available, Puerto Rico is evaluating the Dengvaxia® vaccine in the greater San Juan area.

The U.S. CDC has scheduled a vaccine committee to discuss Puerto Rico's test results and review the new QDENGA® vaccine.

Qdenga has been approved for use in Argentina, Brazil, Indonesia, the European Union, and the U.K. as of May 2023.

May 25, 2023 • 2:24 pm CDT
from Pixabay

Biofabri and IAVI recently announced signing an agreement for the end-to-end development of tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidate MTBVAC. This agreement provides a framework for the future collaboration that the partners first announced in 2021.

After securing sufficient funding, IAVI plans to begin an efficacy clinical trial in 2024. 

MTBVAC is a highly promising vaccine candidate that has the potential to be used as an alternative to BCG vaccination in infants and for the prevention of TB disease in adolescents and adults. 

"The world urgently needs a new, effective vaccine that can prevent TB disease in adults, adolescents, and infants," said Dr. Mark Feinberg, president, and CEO of IAVI, in a press release on May 17, 2023.

"We are honored to work with Biofabri and our other collaborators to advance MTBVAC."

"In addition, we are actively seeking the support of global health funders and other partners, public and private, to ensure that this promising vaccine candidate has the potential to be part of a solution to ending the TB epidemic." 

Should MTBVAC be safe and efficacious, Biofabri will ensure that the TB vaccine is manufactured and supplied in sufficient quantities globally and is accessible at affordable prices in low- and middle-income countries.

Precision Vaccinations post other TB vaccine and outbreak news.

May 25, 2023 • 10:56 am CDT
U.S. FDA Approval May 25, 2023

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved Pfizer Inc.'s oral antiviral Paxlovid™ for treating mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in adults at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death.

Paxlovid is the fourth drug, but the first oral antiviral approved to treat COVID-19 in adults.

Paxlovid manufactured and packaged under the emergency use authorization (EUA) and distributed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services will continue to be available to ensure continued access for adults, as well as treatment of eligible children ages 12-18 who are not covered by the FDA's approval on May 25, 2023.

"While the pandemic has been challenging for all of us, we have made great progress mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on our lives," said Patrizia Cavazzoni, M.D., director for the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, in today's press release.

"Today's approval demonstrates that Paxlovid has met the agency's rigorous standards for safety and effectiveness and that it remains an important treatment option for people at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including those with prior immunity."

"The FDA remains committed to working with sponsors to facilitate the development of new prevention and treatment options for COVID-19." 

Paxlovid is not approved or authorized for use as a pre-exposure or post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent COVID-19.

May 25, 2023 • 6:07 am CDT
U.S. Dept of State Sudan map May 25, 2023

The U.S. State Department announced on May 22, 2023, the U.S. Embassy in Khartoum has suspended its operations and issued a Level 4, Do not travel to Sudan due to extensive civil unrest.

As a result, the embassy cannot provide routine or emergency services to U.S. citizens in Sudan.

Currently, there are no U.S. consular officers in Sudan.

However, consular services are available in neighboring countries for those who depart independently.

In addition, the U.S. government is providing information for U.S. citizens in Sudan, including exit options.  

Specifically, U.S. citizens should not visit the Hotel Coral in Port Sudan or the Fenti Golf in Khartoum. The U.S. government is no longer present to assist in these locations.

We understand that border crossings into neighboring countries, such as Egypt, may be possible.

However, if you can travel to a border crossing and believe it is safe, please be aware that wait times and conditions at crossing points vary widely and could change quickly, wrote the State Department.

And enroll in the Smart Traveler Program to receive security updates.

U.S. citizens in Sudan who need assistance should contact the closest U.S. embassy or consulate.

May 24, 2023 • 3:37 pm CDT
by Joe Mustang

The U.S. CDC's Vessel Sanitation Program (VSP) requires cruise ships to log and report the number of passengers and crew who say they have symptoms of gastrointestinal illness.

As of May 24, 2023, the VSP has reported 12 gastrointestinal outbreaks on cruise ships.

Data are from ship surveillance reports and CDC-led investigations.

People often associate cruise ships with acute gastrointestinal illnesses such as norovirus. However, acute gastrointestinal illness is relatively infrequent on cruise ships.

Norovirus is a very contagious virus that causes 19 to 21 million illnesses annually in the U.S.

You can get norovirus from an infected person, contaminated food or water, or by touching contaminated surfaces. The virus causes your stomach or intestines or both to get inflamed (acute gastroenteritis).

This leads you to have stomach pain, nausea, and diarrhea and to throw up, says the CDC.

According to a CDC norovirus tracking network, there were 735 outbreaks reported from August through April 23.

There were 907 during the same period of the 2021-2022 norovirus season.

While vaccines against norovirus diseases are in demand, noroviruses' genetic and antigenic diversity presents challenges. As a result, as of May 2023, no norovirus vaccines are authorized.

May 24, 2023 • 3:17 pm CDT
by Margaux Mercier

Prensa Latina recently reported Cuba's COVID-19 vaccines, Soberana 02, Soberana Plus, and Abdala, received the sanitary registration granted by the Center for State Control of Medicines, Medical Equipment, and Devices for their proven efficacy.

The experts and scientists ratified the safety that characterizes Cuba's COVID-19 vaccines, firstly due to the very nature of the technological platforms used and secondly, because they have high thermo-stability.

Unlike others requiring special storage conditions, Cuba's vaccines can be stored between two and eight degrees Celsius at freezing temperatures.

During the clinical studies, vaccine efficacy was higher than 90%.

As of May 24, 203, Cuba is among the world's top 10 countries with most citizens immunized against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which raises the level of protection to more than 90% of Cuban inhabitants.

May 24, 2023 • 12:48 pm CDT
South Africa districts May 2023

The South African National Institute for Communicable Diseases recently confirmed a measles outbreak had been declared in all the provinces in South Africa except for the Eastern Cape since late 2022.

In week #18, seven new measles cases were reported from Limpopo province. 

In total, 1004 measles cases have been reported as of May 18, 2023.

The measles strain detected in Limpopo province and North West province is genotype D8, similar to the strain in Zimbabwe in the 2022 outbreak.

Globally, measles outbreaks are occurring in numerous countries.

Therefore, the U.S. CDC suggests ensuring international travelers are protected before departure.

Measles is a vaccine-preventable disease, with various vaccines offered in most countries.

May 24, 2023 • 12:29 pm CDT
U.S. Geological Survey May 2023

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) recently stated the detection of bird flu outbreaks in Latin America and the Caribbean is a situation never recorded before.

The identified influenza type A Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HAPI) outbreaks are mainly located in areas of the Pacific flyway.

As of May 18, 2023, agricultural authorities in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Peru, U.S., Uruguay, and Venezuela have detected outbreaks of HPAI A(H5N1) viruses in domestic birds, farm poultry and/or wild birds, and in mammals.

Among the mammals identified, red foxes and skunks were the most frequently affected in North America, and fur seals in South America.

To date and since the introduction of avian influenza A (H5N1) in the Americas in 2014, three human infections caused by avian influenza A(H5N1) have been reported: the first in the U.S., reported in April 2022, the second in Ecuador, which was notified in January 2023, and the third in Chile, which was announced in March 2023.

In the U.S., the Audenz™ monovalent cell-based vaccine was authorized on January 31, 2020.

Recently, the U.S. FDA issued a Supplemental Approval in November 2021 for using Audenz in persons at increased risk of exposure to the influenza A virus H5N1 subtype.

The FDA confirmed annual flu shots are not designed to protect people from pandemic influenza.