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M72/AS01E (M72) Tuberculosis Vaccine

M72/AS01E (M72) Tuberculosis Vaccine Candidate Clinical Trials, Efficacy, Side Effects

M72/AS01E (M72) is a subunit vaccine candidate that contains the M72 recombinant fusion protein derived from two Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens (Mtb32A and Mtb39A) combined with the GlaxoSmithKline plc (GSK) proprietary Adjuvant System AS01. The Mtb39A and Mtb32A components of the recombinant antigen elicited specific lymphoproliferation and/or interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production in individuals with latent and active TB. AS01E is the adjuvant in GSK's Shingrix® shingles and Mosquirix™ (RTS,S) vaccines. M72/AS01E is indicated to prevent Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) in adolescents and adults. This vaccine aims to prevent latent TB from progressing to active TB rather than preventing TB infection.

The M72/AS01E vaccine candidate has been under development since the early 2000s. In 2020, GSK announced a partnership with the Gates Medical Research Institute (Gate MRI) to develop M72/AS01E further. GSK licensed M72 to the Gates MRI. An adjuvant is an ingredient in some vaccines that can help create a more robust immune response. GSK retains ownership of the adjuvant. It was initially designed and clinically evaluated by the biopharmaceutical company GSK through the proof-of-concept phase (Phase 2b), in partnership with Aeras and the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI). It was funded by GSK and, in part, by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. In the Phase 2b clinical trial, this vaccine candidate provided approximately 54% protection against progression to active pulmonary TB for three years in TB-infected HIV-negative adults.

On June 28, 2023, Wellcome and the Gates Foundation announced funding to advance M72/AS01E (M72) through a Phase 3 clinical trial (NCT06062238). To support the M72 Phase 3 clinical trial, which will cost an estimated $550 million, Wellcome is providing up to $150 million, and the Gates MRI, a subsidiary of the Gates Foundation, will fund the remainder, about $400 million. On March 19, 2024, Gates MRI announced that the Phase 3 clinical trial was underway at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, the first of up to 60 study sites in seven countries, recruiting about 26,000 participants. Participants enrolled in the trial will be tested for latent TB using Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs), which are a type of blood test. Of the 20,000 total participants, 18,000 will be IGRA-positive, which means they have evidence of latent TB; 1,000 will be people living with HIV; and 1,000 will be IGRA-negative. As of October 2024, Indonesia participates in the M72/AS01E vaccine clinical trial. Should the trial be successful, GSK would provide the adjuvant post-licensure. The estimated primary completion date for this study is April 2028. If M72/AS01E is approved, it could be the first new TB vaccine in 100 years.

M72/AS01E (M72) Tuberculosis Vaccine Indication

The WHO says TB is a preventable and curable disease, and that 25% of the global population is estimated to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is the leading infectious cause of death worldwide. The BCG vaccine helps protect young children against severe systemic forms of TB but offers limited protection against pulmonary TB among adolescents and adults.

M72/AS01E (M72) Tuberculosis Vaccine Dosage

M72/AS01E: Two doses are administered intramuscularly in the deltoid region of the arm.

M72/AS01E (M72) Tuberculosis Vaccine News

June 10, 2024 - Indonesian Minister of Health Budi Gunadi Sadikin said Indonesia plans to conduct a trial of GSK's TB vaccine candidate.

March 19, 2024 - "The launch of this pivotal Phase 3 trial demonstrates our commitment to harnessing the power of medical innovation to fight diseases like TB that are particularly devastating for low- and middle-income countries," said Emilio A. Emini, Ph.D., CEO of the Gates MRI.

November 16, 2023 - Nicole Frahm, Ph.D. The head of Biomarker Development presented Immune Correlates of Protection for BCG and M72 TB Vaccines.

November 16, 2023 - Linda Han, MD, MPH, presented: Safety and immunogenicity of the investigational TB vaccine M72/AS01E-4 in people living with HIV.

June 28, 2023 - Bill Gates, the co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, commented in a press release, "Greater investment in safe and effective TB vaccines alongside a suite of new diagnostics and treatments could transform TB care for millions of people, saving lives and lowering the burden of this devastating and costly disease."

May 10, 2022 - AFP reported that the M72 TB vaccine could save tens of thousands of South African lives yearly.

December 20, 2021 - A Multi-country, Epidemiologic Study to Assess the Interferon Gamma Release Assay Positivity and Build Capacity to Conduct a TB Vaccine Efficacy Study in Populations With a High TB Disease Burden.

June 30, 2020 - The WHO published - Vaccines and Immunization: Investigational vaccine candidate M72/AS01E: FAQs.

January 27, 2020 - GSK plc announced that it had licensed its M72/AS01E TB vaccine candidate to the Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute. Trevor Mundel, President of Global Health at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. "Discovering and developing a new TB vaccine is a Gates Foundation priority, and we look forward to working in partnership with stakeholders in the global health community towards this goal."

October 29, 2019 -  GSK and IAVI reported that GSK's M72/AS01E candidate vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of pulmonary TB in HIV-negative adults with latent TB infection. These results demonstrate an overall vaccine efficacy of 50% during the three years after vaccination. In addition, the candidate vaccine has an acceptable safety and reactogenicity profile.

September 25, 2018 - Results from the Phase 2b Controlled Trial of M72/AS01 E Vaccine to Prevent Tuberculosis. Conclusions: M72/AS01E provided 54% protection against active pulmonary tuberculosis in adults infected with M. tuberculosis, without evident safety concerns. 

M72/AS01E Clinical Trials

Clinical Trial NCT01755598: Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' Candidate TB Vaccine in Adults. The results showed that administering two doses of M72/AS01E successfully reduced the development of active TB disease with 50% efficacy (90% CI, 12 to 71) in HIV-negative adults with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Thirty-nine participants contributed to the primary vaccine efficacy analysis during 3 years of follow-up: 13 participants vaccinated with M72/AS01E developed pulmonary TB, compared with 26 participants in the placebo group.

Clinical Trial NCT06062238: TBV02-301 was First Posted on October 2, 2023 - 20,000 adolescents and adults will be randomized 1:1 to receive two doses of M72/AS01E or placebo. The primary endpoint: preventing bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB. This trial will be conducted in 3 cohorts: Interferon gamma release assay-positive Cohort, IGRA-Negative Cohort, and HIV Cohort.

0 min read
Availability: 
N/A/
Generic: 
M72/AS01 E
Drug Class: 
Subunit Vaccine Candidate
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Wednesday, November 12, 2025 - 12:05
Brand: 
M72
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
FDA First In Class: 
Yes

VPM1002 Tuberculosis Vaccine

VPM1002 Tuberculosis Vaccine

The VPM1002 vaccine candidate is a genetically modified recombinant Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine derived from the Mycobacterium bovis BCG Danish 1331P (rague) strain, characterized as rBCGäureCHly+. VPM1002 contains weakened tuberculosis (TB)-like bacteria. These are genetically modified so that immune cells can better recognize them. 

The VPM1002 vaccine candidate, expressing listeriolysin and deficient in urease, is generated in the gCG Prague genetic background, which offers a better safety profile than other BCG versions due to the absence of the RD2 genome segment. This vaccine's urease C gene replaces the listeriolysin O encoding gene from Listeria monocytogenes. By reducing urease C, phagosome acidification can occur, promoting phagolysosome fusion while also providing the optimal low pH for listeriolysin O stability.

VPM1002 was created in response and investigated for preventing pulmonary TB in newborns and TB recurrence in adults through post-exposure immunization. VPM1002 facilitates mycobacterial antigens being released into the cytosol while also triggering autophagy, inflammasome activation, and apoptosis because of antigens and bacterial DNA being released into the cytosol of the host cell due to Listeriolysin O expression in this vaccine. In addition, mycobacterial antigens that access the cytosol also improve antigen presentation.

The results from a double-masked, randomized, active-controlled phase 2 study were recently conducted in South Africa and published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases on June 27, 2022. The researcher's Interpretation: VPM1002 was less reactogenic than BCG. Both vaccines were immunogenic, although higher responses th the BCG vaccine.

Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd. (SSI) VPM1002 is based on a BCG vaccine developed at the beginning of the 20th century. In 2004, the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft granted Takzine Projekt Management (VPM) the license for the vaccine candidate. In 2012, the company began developing the vaccine with the SSI, which acquired a majority stake in VPM. VPM1002 is currently being studied for efficacy and safety in multiple centers in three clinical trials.—DrugBank Accession Number: DB15801.

Serum Institute of India was founded in 1966 by Dr. Cyrus Poonawalla to manufacture life-saving immuno-biologicals.

VPM1002 Indication

BCG vaccination activates the human immune system against viral infections, reducing the risk of severe disease progression and, in turn, lowering the death rate. VPM1002 is indicated to prevent tuberculosis recurrence. The WHO Global TB Report 2021 provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic. Previous Global TB reports are accessed at this WHO link.

VPM1002 Dosage

A single dose of VPM1002 calculates the vaccine's efficacy against TB recurrence.

VPM1002 Side Effects

A phase 2 study found that VPM1002 was not associated with serious safety concerns.

VPM1002 Vaccine News 2023

December 1, 2022 - "We decided from the beginning to improve classical BCG genetically in a way to exploit all its advantages. VPM1002 has turned out not only to be specific against the TB pathogen but also to have he ability to train the immunity," commented Prof. Dr. Stefan Kaufmann, the inventor of VPM1002 and head of the Emeritus Group Immunology at the Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences in Goettingen, Germany, in a press release.

June 27, 2022 - The Lancet Infectious Diseases published: A next-generation BCG vaccine moves forward.

April 13, 2022 - University Health Network, Toronto - Efficacy and Safety of VPM1002.

January 28, 2020 - Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy for Bladder Cancer: An Update.

July 27, 2020 - The Serum Institute of India is conducting a phase III clinical trial of BCG vaccine candidate VPM1002 to evaluate its ability to reduce infection and severe disease outcomes.

April 23, 2020 - About 6,000 high-risk individuals will enter a phase 3 clinical trial to test the recombinant BCG vaccine. The Drug Controller General of India approved this study in India.

February 20, 2020 - A clinical study (SAKK 06/14) under the direction of Cyrill A. Rentsch, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland, together with the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), is now investigating whether it is possible to avoid removing bladders from patients who have cancer of the bladder by using VPM1002. 

January 21, 2021 - IAVI announced it is partnering with the study sponsor, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd., and Vakzine Projekt Management GmbH, a German development consulting firm for the pharmaceutical industry and a subsidiary of SIIPL, to conduct the Prime study. A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled Phase III study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the vaccine candidate VPM1002 compared to BCG for preventing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in HIV-exposed and HIV-unexposed newborn infants. Study sites are in Gabon, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda.

September 19, 2020 - The Recombinant Bacille Calmette–Guérin Vaccine VPM1002: Ready for Clinical Efficacy Testing.

August 6, 2019 – The Indian Council of Medical Research announced it had launched India's first large-scale clinical study for new TB vaccines. The TB vaccine in this new clinical study offers a chance to contain the accelerating spread of multidrug-resistant TB. Treating TB requires a multi-drug course of treatment lasting up to 6 months and longer when treating drug-resistant TB.

VPM1002 Vaccine Clinical Trials

The vaccine is being tested in a Phase III clinical trial involving adult volunteers in India. In mice, VPM1002 gave better protection than BCG against aerosol infection with M tuberculosis and improved survival in severe combined immunodeficiency mice. The study by Cotton and colleagues bridged from the original hygromycin-resistant formulation of VPM1002 to a hygromycin-sensitive formulation.

June 2022 - Safety and immunogenicity of VPM1002 versus BCG in South African newborn babies: a randomized, phase 2 non-inferiority double-blind controlled trial - Between June 4, 2015, and October 16, 2017, 416 eligible newborn babies were randomly assigned and received the study vaccine. Seven (2%) of 312 participants in the VPM1002 group had a grade 3–4 vaccine-related adverse reaction or lymphadenopathy of 10 mm or greater in diameter compared with 34 (33%) of 104 participants in the BCG group (risk difference −30·45% [95% CI −39·61% to −21·28%]; pnon-inferiority<0·0001); VPM1002 was thus non-inferior to BCG for the primary outcome. Incidence of severe injection site reactions was lower with VPM1002 than BCG: scarring occurred in 65 (21%) participants in the VPM1002 group versus 77 (74%) participants in the BCG group (p<0·0001); ulceration occurred in one (<1%) versus 15 (14%; p<0·0001); and abscess formation occurred in five (2%) versus 23 (22%; p<0·0001). Restimulated IFNγ concentrations were lower in the VPM1002 group than in the BCG group at week 6, week 12, month 6, and month 12. The percentage of multifunctional CD4+ T cells was higher in the VPM1002 group than the BCG group at day 14 but lower at week 6, week 12, month 6, and month 12. The percentage of multifunctional CD8+ T cells was lower in the VPM1002 group than the BCG group at week 6, week 12, and month 6, but did not differ at other time points. Interpretation: VPM1002 was less reactogenic than BCG and was not associated with any serious safety concerns. Both vaccines were immunogenic, although higher responses th the BCG vaccine. VPM1002 is currently being studied for efficacy and safety in a multicenter phase 3 clinical trial in babies in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Availability: 
N/A
Generic: 
VPM1002
Drug Class: 
Recombinant Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Thursday, November 13, 2025 - 13:10
Brand: 
TBD
Abbreviation: 
rBCG
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
Kosher: 
Yes

TAK-426 Zika Vaccine

TAK-426 Zika Vaccine

Takeda's TAK-426 (PIZV) is a purified, inactivated, alum-adjuvanted, whole Zika virus vaccine candidate. The absence of specific treatment makes a prophylactic Zika virus vaccine an unmet medical need, according to a recent study published by The Lancet. The vaccine was tested in a phase 1 study called PIZV or TAK-426 adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide. TAK-426 was found well tolerated, with an acceptable safety profile, and was immunogenic in both flavivirus-naive and flavivirus-primed adults.

The peer-reviewed Journal of Infectious Diseases reported on December 9, 2022, on the two-year persistence of immune response to TAK-426 compared with that observed after natural infection. TAK-426 at 10-μg had an acceptable safety profile in FV-naive and FV-primed adults up to 24 months after dose 2. Seropositivity for neutralizing antibodies was 100% at one year and 93.8% and 76.2% at two years in FV-naive and FV-primed groups, respectively. TAK-426 responses were comparable in magnitude and kinetics with those elicited by natural Zika virus infection. These phase 1 study results support the further clinical development of TAK-426 for both FV-naive and FV-primed populations.

In February 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the Zika outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. On January 29, 2018, Takeda's Zika Vaccine candidate received U.S. FDA Fast Track Designation. On July 27, 2023, Takeda confirmed to support the expansion of our pipeline and the development of our programs, we have entered into partnerships with government organizations in Japan and the U.S. and leading global institutions.

Osaka, Japan-based Takeda is a patient-focused, values-based, R&D-driven global biopharmaceutical company committed to bringing Better Health and a Brighter Future to people worldwide. 

TAK-426 Vaccine Indication

The TAK-426 vaccine candidate prevents the Zika virus, which is caused by a virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. The Zika virus was first reported in continental South America in Brazil in May 2015. Zika virus is a flavivirus associated with congenital malformations and neurological complications. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), symptoms of Zika may include mild fever, skin rash, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, malaise, or headache.

TAK-426 Vaccine Dosage

In a phase 1 study, TAK-426 was administered by intramuscular injection into the middle third of the deltoid muscle, preferably in the non-dominant arm on Days 1 (Visit 1) and 29 (Visit 4). Three different vaccine doses containing different protein concentrations (2, 5, or 10 micrograms [mcg]) will be given as a two-dose schedule to flavivirus-naive and primed healthy adults. Based on a recent study, the 10 μg TAK-426 dose was selected for further clinical development.

TAK-426 Vaccine News

December 8, 2022 - Researchers wrote: In conclusion, we confirm that PIZV has an acceptable safety profile in healthy adults aged 18–49 years, with no vaccine-related SAEs through 2 years after vaccination. Two vaccinations elicited immune responses that persisted at high titers (GMTs >100) comparable to those observed in convalescent ZIKV-infected patients up to 2 years after vaccination in FV-naive and FV-primed adults. These safety and immunogenicity profiles of the high dose (10-µg) PIZV confirm its suitability for further clinical development.

November 19, 2021 - The company presented: Measurement Of Zika Virus-Specific Antibodies Using A Microsphere-Based Competitive Immunoassay. 'Collectively, our data suggest that the assay can differentiate ZIKV-specific antibodies from antibodies to other FVs elicited by natural infection or vaccination. Availability of a ZIKV-specific antibody-based immunoassay will improve differential diagnosis, serosurveillance, and support development and implementation of ZIKV vaccines in FV endemic regions.'

May 18, 2021 - Study Interpretation: TAK-426 was well tolerated,hadh an acceptable safety profile, and was immunogenic in both flavivirus-naive and flavivirus-primed adults. Based on the safety and immunogenicity profiles of all TAK-426 doses assessed, the 10 μg TAK-426 dose was selected for further clinical development. Study Funding: Takeda Vaccines and the US Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority.

August 26, 2019 – A recent Zika study focused on eliminating the mosquito and sexual transmission of the Zika virus with a preventive vaccine.

January 29, 2018 - Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited announced that the U.S. FDA had granted Fast Track designation to TAK-426, Takeda's purified, inactivated, alum-adjuvanted, whole Zika virus vaccine candidate.

September 2, 2016 - Takeda announced that BARDA, the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, has selected Takeda's Vaccine Business Unit to develop a vaccine to support the Zika response in the US and affected regions worldwide. Initial funding from BARDA, which is a division of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response within the US Department of Health and Human Services, is for $19.8 million to cover the vaccine development through Phase 1, with potential funding of up to $312 million if all options to take the vaccine through Phase 3 trials and filing of the Biologics License Application in the USA. 

TAK-426 Clinical Trials

The Journal of Infectious Diseases reported that a randomized, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-selection, phase 1 trial was conducted in 18–49-year-old adults at nine centers (7 in the United States and 2 in Puerto Rico) from 13 November 2017 to 24 November 2020. The primary objectives were safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of 3 increasing doses of TAK-426 administered as two doses 28 days apart to flavivirus (FV)–naive and FV-primed adults. Here, we report on the safety and persistence of immunity up to 2 years after primary vaccination with 10-μg TAK-426, the highest dose, and compare neutralizing antibody responses with those observed after natural infection. Results: TAK-426 at 10-μg had an acceptable safety profile in FV-naive and FV-primed adults up to 24 months after dose 2. Seropositivity for neutralizing antibodies was 100% at one year and 93.8% and 76.2% at two years in FV-naive and FV-primed groups, respectively. TAK-426 responses were comparable in magnitude and kinetics with those elicited by natural Zika virus infection.

On September 21, 2021, The Lancet reported the findings of this clinical trial. Between Nov 13, 2017, and Oct 24, 2018, 894 volunteers were screened, and 271 enrolled (125 flavivirus-naive and 146 flavivirus-primed participants). All TAK-426 doses were well tolerated with no deaths, no vaccine-related serious adverse events, and similar rates of mainly mild to moderate adverse events. Interpretation: The researchers concluded that TAK-426 was well tolerated,hadh an acceptable safety profile, and was immunogenic in both flavivirus-naive and flavivirus-primed adults. Based on these results, TAK-426 will continue to be tested in clinical settings.

0 min read
Availability: 
U.S. - pending
Generic: 
TAK-426
Drug Class: 
Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Thursday, January 4, 2024 - 05:50
Abbreviation: 
PIZV
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 

TY014 Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody

TY014  Anti-Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody

TY014 will be the first therapeutic in the world explicitly targeting Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) to enter clinical trials. It is anticipated that a monoclonal antibody therapeutic could be administered to infected cases to reduce disease severity within the patient and their contacts. TY014 is a fully engineered human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against the yellow fever virus manufactured with ovary cells. It targets a conserved epitope on the yellow fever virus envelope (E) protein. 

TY014  Anti-Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody Indication

TY014 is indicated as a postinfection intravenously therapy for yellow fever virus infection.

TY014  Anti-Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody News

July 30, 2020 - Phase 1 Trial of a Therapeutic Anti–Yellow Fever Virus Human Antibody. This phase 1 trial of TY014 did not identify worrisome safety signals and suggested potential clinical benefit, which requires further assessment in a phase 2 trial. 

November 18, 2019 - "Our successful trials pave the way for a potential first-in-class treatment for Yellow Fever. This rapid development following the similar achievement for Zika affirms the exciting collaboration between Tychan and WuXi Biologics to enable a new paradigm to expedite biologics development initiatives to address emerging infectious disease outbreaks and eventually potentially expand to other therapeutics," said Teo Ming Kian, Chairman of the Board, Tychan.

TY014  Anti-Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody Clinical Trials

Clinical Trial NCT03776786: Phase 1 Safety and Tolerability of an Antibody Against Yellow Fever Virus (TY014) in Humans

0 min read
Generic: 
Anti-yellow fever antibody
Drug Class: 
Antibody
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - 02:30
Brand: 
TY014
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 

QDENGA Dengue Vaccine

QDENGA® (TAK-003) Dengue Vaccine Clinical Trials, Dosage, Indication, Side Effects

Takeda GmbH's QDENGA® (TAK-003) (Dengue Tetravalent Vaccine [Live, Attenuated]) is an approved two-dose vaccine preventing dengue fever and/or Severe Dengue caused by any of the four serotypes of the dengue virus. QDENGA is based on dengue serotype 2, which provides the genetic backbone for all four dengue virus serotypes. The active substance of QDENGA (ATC code: J07BX04) contains live attenuated dengue viruses, which replicate locally and elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against dengue serotypes.

Takeda's clinical development program for QDENGA consists of Phase 3, Phase 2, and Phase 1 studies. Data in children and adolescents showed that QDENGA  induced immune responses against all four dengue serotypes in seropositive and seronegative participants. In addition, QDENGA was generally safe and well-tolerated. In a Phase 2 study published on October 17, 2024, TAK-003 elicited durable T cell responses against all four DENV serotypes, regardless of baseline serostatus, in individuals aged 4–16 years residing in dengue-endemic countries. Furthermore, TAK-003-elicited CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were multifunctional and persisted for up to 3 years post-vaccination.

On December 8, 2022, QDENGA became the first dengue vaccine approved in Europe for use regardless of previous exposure and without the need for pre-vaccination testing. Europe's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use adopted a positive opinion on October 13, 2022, recommending that Takeda GmbH be granted marketing authorization for QDENGA EMEA/H/C/005155. In 2023, Brazil was the first country to integrate QDENGA into its public health system. The World Health Organization (WHO) added QDENGA® (TAK-003) to its List of Prequalified Vaccines, effective May 9, 2024. On May 3, 2024, the WHO published a paper on dengue vaccines, including final guidance on the use of QDENGA in public vaccination programs based on the SAGE recommendation. The WHO-SAGE recommends that TAK-003 be considered for public programs in high-transmission areas for individuals aged 6-16. 

On November 3, 2025, Takeda announced data, including an exploratory analysis of a booster dose, confirming the favorable benefit-risk profile of QDENGA and that the two-dose regimen provides sustained protection against Dengue over 7 years. As of November 2025, QDENGA is authorized in the United Kingdom and a total of 41 countries.

Derek Wallace, President, Global Vaccine Business Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, informed Vax-Before-Travel on November 6, 2025, "Dengue is spreading to areas once considered low-risk, with year-round peak seasons in many regions. These long-term data show that QDENGA's two-dose schedule provides sustained protection without a booster, simplifying vaccination efforts and improving our ability to combat Dengue globally."

Osaka-based Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (TSE: 4502, NYSE: TAK) is a global, values-based, R&D-driven biopharmaceutical leader headquartered in Japan, committed to discovering and delivering life-transforming treatments, guided by our commitment to patients, our people, and the planet in approximately 80 countries and regions. For more information about QDENGA (TAK-003), visit www.TakedaVaccines.com. QDENGA - Trademark Details: 2019-06-04.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Vaccine Availability 2025

The WHO recommends that countries consider introducing TAK-003 into their routine immunization programs in areas with high Dengue transmission intensity, where it poses a significant public health problem. Since 2022, QDENGA has been authorized in 41 countries, and 18.6 million doses have been distributed in 11 endemic countries including Indonesia (approved Aug 2022, available April 2023), Brazil (approved Mar 2023, available June 2023, Thailand (approved May 2023, available Aug 2023), Argentina (approved Apr 2023, available Oct 2023), Malaysia (approved Feb 2024, available June 2024), Colombia (approved Sept 2023, available July 2024), Germany (approved Dec 2022, available Feb 2023), Finland (approved Dec 2022, available Feb 2023), Sweden (approved Dec 2022, available Feb 2023), Norway (approved Dec 2022, available Feb 2023), Denmark (approved Dec 2022, available Mar 2023), The Netherlands (approved Dec 2022, available Mar 2023), Luxembourg (approved Dec 2022, available March 2023), Czech Republic (approved Dec 2022, available April 2023), Austria (approved Dec 2022, available April 2023), Belgium (approved Dec 2022, available April 2023), Ireland (approved Dec 2022, available April 2023), Portugal (approved Dec 2022, available May 2023), Spain (approved Dec 2022, available May 2023), U.K. (approved Jan 2023, available 2024), Slovakia (approved Dec 2022, available Aug 2023), Italy (approved Dec 2022, available Oct 2023), Poland (approved Dec 2022, available Dec 2023), Israel (approved May 2024, available July 2024), Switzerland (approved Aug. 2024), Malasyia, Thailand, and Vietnam. As of 2025, availability in the Philippines and India was [ending.

Qdenga (TAK-003) Vaccine Efficacy

A Takeda-funded study, based in Thailand, concluded on June 17, 2025, that the pragmatic introduction of TAK-003 into the immunization program would prevent 44% of cases and 53% of hospitalizations, resulting in $ 1.346 billion in savings over 20 years.

On October 17, 2024, the journal NPJ Vaccines published results from a study that concluded that TAK-003 was well tolerated and elicited durable T cell responses against all four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes, irrespective of baseline serostatus, in children and adolescents aged 4–16 years living in dengue-endemic countries. TAK-003-elicited CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were multifunctional and persisted for up to 3 years post-vaccination.

An exploratory analysis published on September 11, 2024 (December 2, 2024) demonstrated a vaccine efficacy (VE) of 82.1% for the onset of protection with TAK-003 in the safety population, measured over the three months between the first and second doses. The journal Vaccine published a Short Communication on September 7, 2024, reporting that QDENGA's vaccine efficacy (VE) against disease was 82.1% up to 3 months after the first dose. On October 2, 2023, the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) confirmed that QDENGA demonstrated efficacy against all four serotypes of the virus in baseline seropositive children (4-16 years old) in endemic countries, as well as against serotypes 1 and 2 in baseline seronegative children. The SAGE recommended that the Vaccine be considered for introduction to children aged 6 to 16 years in settings with high dengue disease burden and high transmission intensity. Long-term efficacy results announced on June 9, 2022, supplemented previously published TIDES clinical study data, demonstrating QDENGA met its primary endpoint of overall VE against VCD, with 80.2% efficacy at 12-month follow-up, as well as all secondary endpoints for which there were a sufficient number of dengue cases at 18-month follow-up, including 90.4% VE against hospitalized Dengue. On May 20, 2021, an audio review of the Three-Year Efficacy of Takeda's Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Candidate was published.

Qdenga (TAK-003) Time to Onset of Vaccine Efficacy

A study published in Vaccine on September 7, 2024, in the DEN-301 clinical trial estimated the Vaccine's efficacy onset to be approximately 2 weeks. Results from a study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases on March 18, 2025, found that TAK-003 had a modest impact on asymptomatic dengue infections in the first months post-vaccination, particularly among baseline seropositive participants. 

QDENGA and U.S. FDA

Takeda announced on July 11, 2023, that the Company voluntarily withdrew the U.S. Biologics License Application (BLA) for TAK-003 following discussions with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regarding data-collection aspects that could not be addressed within the current BLA review cycle. The plan for TAK-003 in the U.S. will be further evaluated, given the need for travelers and those living in dengue-endemic areas, such as Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Florida. On November 22, 2022, Takeda announced that the FDA had accepted and granted priority review of the Biologics License Application (BLA) for QDENGA to prevent dengue disease caused by any dengue virus serotype in individuals aged four years through 60 years.

QDENGA and U.S. CDC

During the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIPmeeting on October 26, 2023, Dr. Gabriela Paz-Bailey (CDC/NCEZID) led a QDENGA update. Wilbur Chen, MD, presented Updates on Dengue Vaccines. On June 22, 2023, I reviewed the following presentations: ACIP Dengue Vaccines Work Group introduction,   Wilbur Chen, MD, MSc; Economic analysis and health impacts of routine vaccination with TAK-003 dengue vaccine in San Juan, Puerto Rico; Summary of two economic models for dengue vaccine TAK-003 use in Puerto Rico; Partial Evidence to Recommendations Framework for Dengue Vaccine TAK-003, presented by Joshua Wong, MD. On February 23, 2023, the ACIP met to discuss the following presentations: Introduction, Dr. W Chen; Takeda dengue vaccine (TAK-003) safety and efficacy, Dr. Shibidas Biswal; Workgroup considerations, Dr. Gabriela Paz-Bailey. Previously, Laura Adams, DVM, MPH, DACVPM, led the U.S. CDC's Dengue Epidemiology vaccine overview on October 20, 2022, during the CDC/ACIP Dengue Vaccine Workgroup presentation.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Indication

Dengue is now detected in 129 countries and set a record for cases in 2024. As more travelers return to the U.S. with dengue virus infections, the risk of local mosquito-borne transmission increases. In European Union Member States, QDENGA is indicated for the prevention of dengue disease in individuals aged 4 years and above. It prevents Dengue, which is caused by the four Dengue serotypes. On May 15, 2024, the WHO confirmed that Qdenga is approved for use in children aged 6–16 in settings with a high dengue burden and transmission intensity. The WHO says TAK-003 does not prevent all cases of Dengue.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Dosage

Under the approved dosing regimen, QDENGA should be administered subcutaneously in a two-dose schedule (0 and 3 months) at a dose of 0.5 mL. The WHO SAGE recommends administering QDENGA in a 2-dose schedule with a 3-month interval between doses. QDENGA should be administered preferably in the upper arm in the deltoid region. QDENGA must not be injected intravascularly, intradermally, or intramuscularly. In Europe, the EMA approved after reconstitution, one dose (0.5 mL) contains Dengue virus serotype 1 (live, attenuated)*: ≥ 3.3 log10 PFU/dose Dengue virus serotype 2 (live, attenuated): ≥ 2.7 log10 PFU/dose Dengue virus serotype 3 (live, attenuated): ≥ 4.0 log10 PFU/dose Dengue virus serotype 4 (live, attenuated): ≥ 4.5 log10 PFU/dose.

On September 2, 2024, Vaccine published an analysis that concluded that one dose of TAK-003 was as effective as two doses.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Coadministraion

Co-administration with a hepatitis A vaccine has been studied without increased side effects or impaired antibody response. When co-administered with the yellow fever vaccine, a lower level of neutralizing antibodies against DENV1 was seen, the clinical significance of which is unclear

QDENGA Co-Administration With HPV9 Vaccine

According to a recent phase 3 clinical study published in the journal Vaccines (Volume 62, August 30, 2025, 127558), dengue-endemic countries, such as the Kingdom of Thailand, have already initiated national Human Papillomavirus (HPV) school-based vaccination programs. Researchers wrote on July 30, 2025, 'Due to the overlapping age range targeted by many vaccines, including 9vHPV (Merck GARDASIL 9®) and TAK-003 (Takeda's QDENGA®), integration of Dengue vaccination into existing vaccination programs could be a beneficial approach to increase vaccine coverage and reduce operational costs.'

QDENGA (TAK-003) Side Effects

A Phase 4 study published by ScienceDirect (Volume 42, Issue 26) on October 4, 2024, identified anaphylaxis as a safety signal for TAK-003 vaccines in adolescents. Most cases of anaphylaxis occurred 15 minutes after vaccination. In response, Brazil's Ministry of Health published recommendations to intensify efforts to ensure safe vaccination, including training for healthcare professionals and post-vaccination observation.

The ongoing Phase 3 study of TAK-003 demonstrated that rates of serious adverse events were 2.9% in the TAK-003 group and 3.5% in the placebo group during the continuing long-term follow-up (i.e., the second half of the three years following vaccination). Still, none of the cases were related to the study drug. The European Medicines Agency states that there is no clear evidence of an increased risk of severe dengue disease in individuals who have been previously infected with the disease.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Adverse Reactions

The most frequently reported adverse reactions post TAK-003 vaccination in subjects 4 to 60 years of age were injection site pain (50%), headache (35%), myalgia (31%), injection site erythema (27%), malaise (24%), asthenia (20%), and fever (11%). Very common (≥1/10 of subjects): upper respiratory tract infection, decreased appetite, irritability, headache, drowsiness, myalgia, injection site pain, injection site erythema, malaise, asthenia, and fever.

In February 2025, a study reported that Vaccine-related reactions were frequently reported, predominantly after the first dose in dengue-naïve participants.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Contraindications

Contraindications include hypersensitivity to the active substances or excipients listed, as well as a history of hypersensitivity to QDENGA. Individuals with congenital or acquired immune deficiency, including immunosuppressive therapies such as chemotherapy or high doses of systemic corticosteroids (e.g., 20 mg/day or 2 mg/kg body weight/day of prednisone for two weeks or more) within four weeks before vaccination. Individuals with symptomatic HIV infection or asymptomatic HIV infection, with impaired immune function, and pregnant and breastfeeding women.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Vaccination of Pregnant Women

A post-hoc analysis published on March 18, 2025, found no evidence of increased adverse pregnancy outcomes following unintentional TAK-003 vaccination within the exposure window, compared with placebo.

QDENGA Format

Qdenga is available as a powder and as an injection solution. 

QDENGA (TAK-003) Vaccination Breakthrough Case

The immune response to dengue infection is complex and multifaceted, and the infection can progress to severe disease with limited clinical signs. This study, published in October 2024, examined a case involving a child who developed dengue symptoms after receiving the Qdenga vaccination. Despite initial negative diagnostic results, molecular analysis confirmed DENV4 infection.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Price

Takeda indicated in a March 16, 2023, presentation that the price of QDENGA in Indonesia would be USD 40 per dose, USD 26 ex-factory. For the travel market segment, vaccine pricing will be similar to that of other innovative travel vaccines in their respective countries. For example, the retail price in Germany would be USD 115 per dose. In Brazil, reports indicate QDENGA's price is about $171.

Qdenga (TAK-003) Vaccine Revenues

QDENGA Q4 FY2024 (April 2024-March 2025) Revenue was JPY 35.6B (+259%), QDENGA's FY2024 H1 Revenue was JPY 19.9B (+863% growth); FY2024 Q1 Revenue was JPY 9.5B (+1,099% growth). 

QDENGA Vaccine Production

Biological E. Limited is committed to manufacturing up to 50 million QDENGA vaccine doses annually, accelerating Takeda's ability to deliver 100 million doses annually by 2030. 

QDENGA Vaccine News

November 3, 2025 - "QDENGA is the most comprehensively studied dengue vaccine, with more than 60,000 participants globally in the clinical program, and these long-term data highlight the durability of its safety and efficacy profile, across diverse populations worldwide," said Derek Wallace, M.D., president of the Global Vaccine Business Unit at Takeda.

August 25, 2025 - A study reported: We find some evidence of a risk of vaccine-induced disease enhancement in seronegative vaccine recipients for dengue serotypes 3 and 4, especially for children under 6 years of age. Because of this, the benefits of vaccination in lower-transmission settings are less specific, and more data on the long-term efficacy of Qdenga against serotypes 3 and 4 are needed.

June 9, 2025 - Thailand's Public Health Minister Somsak Thepsuthin unveiled a new national strategy during the 2025 ASEAN Dengue Day event, which includes deploying QDENGA vaccinations in 2025.

February 18, 2025 - The Philippine Medical Association requested access to new-generation dengue vaccines.

September 7, 2024: The journal Vaccine published a Short communication titled "Early onset of protection of the TAK-003 dengue vaccine: Data from the DEN-301 clinical trial." The Estimated time to the onset of Qdenga vaccine efficacy was approximately two weeks.

May 10, 2024 - The World Health Organization prequalified Takeda's QDENGA vaccine. "The prequalification of TAK-003 is an important step in the expansion of global access to dengue vaccines, as it is now eligible for procurement by UN agencies, including UNICEF and PAHO," said Dr Rogerio Gaspar, WHO Director for Regulation and Prequalification.

May 9, 2024 - Takeda announced financial results for fiscal year 2023 (period ended March 31, 2024).

October 3, 2023 – Takeda announced that the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization issued recommendations for the use of QDENGA.

July 11, 2023 - "Our clinical program was designed to account for the complex global nature of dengue, and data from our 4.5-year trial has built confidence in TAK-003's ability to help provide long-term protection against dengue, with a positive benefit and risk profile regardless of baseline serostatus," said Gary Dubin, M.D., president of Takeda's Vaccines Business Unit.

June 22, 2023 - The U.S. CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices reviewed various dengue vaccine presentations.

May 23, 2023 - Filomeno Fortes, Director of Portugal's Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, confirmed the authorization of the Qdenga vaccine.

May 11, 2023 - Takeda announced its collaboration with Brazil's National Health Surveillance Agency. In March 2023, QDENGA received the first approval in Latin America.

March 13, 2023 - José Manuel Caamaño, president of Takeda in Brazil, stated in a press release, "We are proud to make our vaccine available to the Brazilian government and health care providers with the hope that it may become an important tool to help combat dengue as part of an integrated dengue management program along with vector control."

February 6, 2023 - Takeda UK Ltd. announced that the U.K.'s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency had granted marketing authorization for Qdenga. 

October 20, 2022: The U.S. CDC vaccine committee presented Dengue Epidemiology: Globally and in the U.S., including ACIP dengue vaccine recommendations.

October 14, 2022 - The EMA's human medicines committee recommended granting marketing authorization for the QDENGA Dengue Tetravalent Vaccine (Live, Attenuated) to prevent dengue virus serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 in individuals aged four years and above.

August 22, 2022: Gary Dubin, president of Takeda's Vaccine Business Unit, announced, "We're proud to introduce QDENGA as a new dengue prevention tool to the people of Indonesia. We will continue to work with additional regulatory agencies to make QDENGA available globally."

March 17, 2020 - The Lancet published the 'Safety and immunogenicity of a tetravalent dengue vaccine in children aged 2–17.

November 6, 2019: Takeda's Dengue Vaccine Candidate Demonstrates Protection in Children Aged Four to 16, Regardless of Previous Dengue Exposure. 

November 5, 2019 – Takeda Pharmaceutical Company announced plans for a new manufacturing plant in Singen, Germany, for TAK-003. 

January 29, 2019 - Takeda announced that TAK-003, which is in a pivotal Phase 3 trial, met the primary efficacy endpoint.

September 7, 2016 - Takeda Initiated the Global Phase 3 Clinical Trial (TIDES) of the Dengue Vaccine Candidate (TAK-003).

QDENGA TAK-003 Clinical Trials

The approval of QDENGA is based on results from 19 Phase 1, 2, and 3 trials involving more than 28,000 children and adults, including 4.5 years of follow-up data from the global, pivotal Phase 3 Tetravalent Immunization against Dengue Efficacy Study (TIDES) trial. The study was designed in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) for a second-generation dengue vaccine. A study published in the journal Vaccine on August 22, 2023, reported an efficacy of approximately 80.2% (95% CI, 73.3–85.3) against any serotype in the primary analysis. QDENGA's effectiveness declined over time, with 62% (95% CI, 56.6–66.7) efficacy at 3 years and 61.2% (95% CI, 56.0–65.8) at 4.5 years.

As of June 9, 2022, through four and a half years, TAK-003 demonstrated 84.1% vaccine efficacy (VE) (95% CI: 77.8, 88.6) against hospitalized Dengue, with 85.9% VE (78.7, 90.7) in seropositive individuals and 79.3% VE (63.5, 88.2) in seronegative individuals. TAK-003 also demonstrated an overall vaccine efficacy (VE) of 61.2% (95% CI: 56.0-65.8) against virologically confirmed Dengue (VCD), with 64.2% VE (58.4-69.2) in seropositive individuals and 53.5% VE (41.6-62.9) in seronegative individuals. Observations of VE varied by serotype and remained consistent with previously reported results. TAK-003 was generally well tolerated, and no critical safety risks were identified. No evidence of disease enhancement was observed during the 54-month exploratory follow-up analysis.

0 min read
Availability: 
WHO Prequalified - Indonesia, Europe, UK, Brazil, Thailand, Argentina, Switzerland
Generic: 
TAK-003
Clinical Trial: 
https://www.takedavaccines.com/siteassets/vaccines/tak-003-clinical-development-program-infographic_final.pdf
Drug Class: 
Live-attenuated tetravalent vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Monday, December 8, 2025 - 08:35
Brand: 
Qdenga
Abbreviation: 
TDV
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
FDA First In Class: 
Yes
Rate Vaccine: 
quEuHcLB

VGX-3100 HPV Cancer Vaccine

INOVIO VGX-3100 HPV Cancer Vaccine 2023

INOVIO's VGX-3100 is an investigational immunotherapy vaccine that includes DNA plasmids targeting the E6 and E7 proteins of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18. VGX-3100 is HPV-specific immunotherapy developed as a non-surgical treatment for high-grade cervical dysplasia and related underlying persistent HPV infection. VGX-3100 works in vivo to activate functional, antigen-specific CD-8 T-cells to clear persistent HPV 16/18 infection and cause regression of precancerous cervical dysplasia. 

The Company announced on May 10, 2022, based on feedback from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), INOVIO has changed its development plans for VGX-3100 for HPV-16/18-associated cervical HSIL to a biomarker-selected population. In a recent preliminary letter, the FDA advised INOVIO that the REVEAL2 Phase 3 study would not be sufficient to support approving a potential marketing application for VGX-3100 in that population.

INOVIO's Phase 3 program in cervical HSIL is assessing the efficacy of VGX-3100 to regress cervical HSIL, a direct precursor to cervical cancer, and to eliminate the HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 infection that causes these lesions. The REVEAL studies are prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials evaluating adult women with HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 positive biopsy-proven cervical HSIL. REVEAL1 provided one-year post-endpoint safety data for a minimum of 198 participants randomized, while REVEAL2 will provide efficacy and one-month safety data for a minimum of 198 participants.

On May 11, 2023, the Company announced topline results for REVEAL2, the second Phase 3 trial for VGX-3100 as a treatment for cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; Analysis of clinical characteristics of biomarker population is ongoing; findings to be shared in third quarter 2023; Trial results achieved statistical significance in all-participants population; Trial results did not meet the primary endpoint in biomarker-selected population.

INOVIO's first-of-their-kind DNA medicines are precisely designed DNA plasmids delivered through INOVIO's unique smart device directly into the body's cells to produce an immune response robust enough to potentially treat and prevent disease. Administration with the CELLECTRA device ensures that the DNA medicine is delivered directly into the body's cells, where it can go to work immediately, mounting an immune response. In addition, Inovio's DNA medicines are not interfering with or change in any way an individual's DNA, which is the case with gene therapy or gene editing.

Inovio is an innovative biotechnology company based in Pennsylvania focused on discovering, developing, and commercializing its synthetic nucleic technology targeted against cancers and infectious diseases.

VGX-3100 History

On December 9, 2020, Prakash Bhuyan, M.D., Ph.D., Senior Vice President and Head of HPV Therapeutic Clinical Development at INOVIO, said, "Anal dysplasia is a rare disease that is typically treated via surgical excision, electro-cautery, or laser therapy, with up to 50% of patients experiencing disease recurrence within one year of surgical treatment. We are encouraged by these positive results from our Phase 2 trial and look forward to continuing our work in Phase 3 trials to develop systemic DNA-based immunotherapy that leverages our DNA medicines platform to improve the current standard of care."

On January 6, 2021, Robert Edwards, M.D., Milton Lawrence McCall, Professor and Chair, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, and Principal Coordinating Investigator for the Phase 2 clinical trial, said, "These Phase 2 efficacy results are a very promising non-surgical advance for a recalcitrant disease that normally requires repetitive ablation and excision procedures to achieve disease and risk reduction, and may offer a more safe, tolerable and efficacious treatment option for patients."

VGX-3100 Indication

VGX-3100 is designed to treat precancers and cancers caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV-16/18 causes more than 90% of all anal cancer, now considered one of the most rapidly rising causes of cancer incidence and mortality. According to the American Cancer Society, anal cancer will claim the lives of more than 1,300 people in the U.S., and 8,590 news cases (5,900 in women and 2,690 in men) will be diagnosed in 2020.

VGX-3100 Dosage

VGX-3100 is delivered intramuscularly, followed by electroporation with a CELLECTRA-5PSP delivery device.

VGX-3100 News

May 11, 2023 - The Company ended the first quarter of 2023 with $223.8 million in cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments.

May 10, 2022 - The Company announced changes for VGX-3100 following input from the FDA on the need for additional trials for a marketing application for the treatment of HPV-associated cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.

December 14, 2021 - INOVIO announced updates on the Phase 3 program for VGX-3100 for HPV-associated cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, including a one-year follow-up of efficacy and safety data in participants from REVEAL1, completing enrollment in REVEAL2, and advancing its pre-treatment biomarker candidate for VGX-3100 to be further developed with QIAGEN. In addition, INOVIO's development partner within Greater China, ApolloBio Corp., dosed the first participant in a separate Phase 3 trial in China.

March 2, 2021 - INOVIO announced its phase 3 trial, REVEAL 1 met primary and secondary endpoints. INOVIO expects to present REVEAL 1 findings at a scientific meeting this year.

January 6, 2021 - INOVIO announced positive efficacy results for an open-label Phase 2 trial of VGX-3100 to treat HPV-16 and HPV-18-associated vulvar dysplasia. 

December 9, 2020 - INOVIO announced positive Phase 2 efficacy results demonstrating that DNA medicine VGX-3100, the Company's lead immunotherapy asset, showed resolution of HPV-16/18-associated precancerous anal lesions (HSIL) in 50% (11 of 22) of subjects six months following the start of treatment. The open-label, single-arm trial also showed VGX-3100 to be safe and well-tolerated in treating men and women with HPV-16-/18-associated anal dysplasia. INOVIO plans to pursue a registrational Phase 3 clinical trial for HPV-16-/18-associated anal dysplasia and apply rare and orphan disease designation for this indication in 2021.

March 26, 2020Inovio announced positive interim results from an open-label, Phase 2 study showing its lead DNA medicine candidate VGX-3100 to be safe and effective in treating men and women with anal dysplasia, also known as a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), a precancerous condition caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16/18.

July 8, 2019Inovio announced that it had completed enrollment in its Phase 2 trial with VGX-3100 in patients with precancerous lesions of the vulva or vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). VGX-3100 is an immunotherapy that targets human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 and is being studied to treat HPV-related precancerous lesions and the HPV infection that causes these lesions.

June 26, 2019 - Inovio has announced the completion of the target enrollment of 198 participants for its pivotal Phase 3 REVEAL 1 registration trial of VGX-3100, a novel DNA-based immunotherapy being tested to treat cervical dysplasia caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).

March 20, 2018 - Inovio will immediately receive $23 million in an upfront payment, an additional $20 million in future regulatory milestone payments, and double-digit tiered royalties on future sales. "With this license and collaboration agreement, we are now on the path to introduce late-stage innovative new drugs to meet severely unmet medical needs within the Greater China region," said Dr. Weiping Yang, Chief Executive Officer of ApolloBio. "We are excited at the potential for VGX-3100 to address multiple indications within HPV-associated precancer, and we are very pleased to launch this strategic collaboration with Inovio, an innovative global biotechnology partner."

VGX-3100 Clinical Trials

Clinical Trial NCT03185013: Phase 3 Clinical Trial REVEAL 1 Evaluation of VGX-3100 and Electroporation for the Treatment of Cervical HSIL. REVEAL 1 is designed to provide one-year safety data for at least 198 patients on VGX-3100—the last Update Posted: February 3, 2021.

Clinical Trial NCT03721978: Phase 3 Clinical Trial REVEAL 2 Evaluation of VGX-3100 and Electroporation for the Treatment of Cervical HSIL. A confirmatory Phase 3 trial (REVEAL 2) is currently enrolling and is designed to provide one-month safety data for a minimum of 198 patients. Last Update Posted: December 4, 2020.

Clinical Trial NCT03180684:  Phase 2 Evaluation of VGX-3100 and Electroporation Alone or in Combination With Imiquimod for the Treatment of HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 Related Vulvar HSIL

Clinical Trial  NCT03499795Phase 2 VGX-3100 Delivered Intramuscularly (IM) Followed by Electroporation (EP) for the Treatment of HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 Related Anal or Anal/Peri-Anal, High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL) in Individuals Seronegative for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1/2.

0 min read
Availability: 
Pending
Drug Class: 
Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Thursday, May 11, 2023 - 14:20
Brand: 
VGX-3100
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 

Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02)

Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02) 2023

The Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02) is a live, attenuated, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) vector vaccine candidate that expresses the glycoprotein of the Nipah virus (Bangladesh strain) and the Ebola virus glycoprotein, which is required for receptor-mediated viral entry. The rVSV-Nipah vaccine was developed by the Laboratory of Dr. Heinz Feldmann within the Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) part of the U.S. NIH, and has been licensed to Public Health Vaccines by the NIAID.

Public Health Vaccines (PHV) has been developing the rVSV∆G-EBOV GP/NiV G vaccine candidate in partnership with the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness and Innovations (CEPI) under an award of up to US$43.6 million that facilitates development through Phase 2 clinical trials, including supportive non-clinical and manufacturing activities. A Phase 1 clinical study evaluating the rVSV-Nipah Virus Vaccine Candidate PHV02 in Healthy Adult Subjects was last updated on April 20, 2022.

Nipah virus has caused outbreaks in Bangladesh since 2001 and occasionally in neighboring India, Singapore, and the Philippines.

Public Health Vaccines, LLC. (PHV), headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is a privately-held biotechnology company developing products to prevent and control emerging infectious diseases. The company initially focused on creating vaccines against the Marburg virus and Sudan ebolavirus utilizing the rVSV platform in collaboration with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA).

Nipah Virus Overview

Nipah virus is a paramyxovirus whose wildlife reservoir is the fruit bat (genus Pteropus). Characteristics of Nipah virus infection that increase the risk of engendering a global pandemic include the susceptibility of humans and the high rate of mutation, which is inherent in RNA viruses. Together, these characteristics could support the emergence of a human-adapted strain capable of spreading rapidly by infecting communities with high population density and global interconnectedness.

Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02) News 2023

February 17, 2023 - The WHO announced that since 4 January 2023 and as of 13 February 2023, 11 cases (10 confirmed and one probable), including eight deaths (Case Fatality Rate 73%), have been reported across two divisions in Bangladesh.

March 15, 2022 - CEPI is expanding its partnership in Bangladesh, providing near to an additional $1 million in funding to advance understanding of the Nipah virus.

March 14, 2022 - PNAS published a Research Article: A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Nipah virus disease.

February 9, 2022 - Public Health Vaccines, LLC  announced the start of its Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the company’s single-dose vaccine (PHV02) against the Nipah virus.

November 5, 2021 - CEPI published an article: Nipah virus: The deadly illness without a vaccine.

April 23, 2021 - GAVI, the vaccine alliance, examined the possibility of the Nipah virus causing another pandemic someday. The primary concern is that the Nipah virus is deadly, with up to a 75% mortality rate.

January 2021 - This study provides molecular and methodological information for the early detection of NiV in environmental samples to assess its epidemic potential in humans. It will also help in understanding the ecology of NiV. And the study revealed that the strains of NiV have been continuously evolving, and the NiV-BD genotype diverged from its ancestral during 1995 and formed two sublineages, NiV-BD 1 and 2. Furthermore, the occurrence of any particular sublineage of NiV strains was not limited to a specific outbreak region.

Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02) Clinical Trials

The Phase 1 clinical trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center, dose-response study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of three dose levels of PHV02 in 60 healthy adults in the U.S. Assuming favorable results, PHV plans to initiate a Phase 2 trial in 2022 in a disease-endemic region.

0 min read
Availability: 
n/a
Generic: 
PHV02
Drug Class: 
Live, attenuated vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Tuesday, February 21, 2023 - 08:35
Abbreviation: 
rVSV∆G-EBOV GP/NiV G
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 

Flucelvax Influenza Vaccine

Flucelvax® Influenza Vaccine Clinical Trials, Efficacy, Indication, Side Effects

CSL Seqirus Flucelvax® is a cell culture-based influenza vaccine that protects people against various virus strains, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Flucelvax is the first and only trivalent cell-based influenza vaccine indicated for use in individuals six months and older who do not have the B/Yamagata influenza virus strain. Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2012 and 2016, Flucelvax is indicated (STN: BL 125408, BL 125408/586) for everyone six months and older eligible to receive an influenza vaccine for active immunization for the prevention of influenza disease caused by influenza virus subtypes A and types B contained in the vaccine.

Flucelvax is the first FDA-approved flu vaccine to use cells instead of chicken eggs. It represents the first significant advance in flu vaccine manufacturing technology since flu vaccine production began in the 1930s. This modern manufacturing process enables the flu shot to be antibiotic-free, helps protect against the four identified flu strains for the 2020-2021 season, and is well-tolerated. Moreover, cell-based flu vaccine production does not use flu viruses grown in eggs and is not dependent on the availability of eggs. Additionally, cell-based flu vaccines that utilize cell-based candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) can provide better protection than traditional, egg-based flu vaccines.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed in 2023 that viruses used to make cell-based vaccines may be more similar to circulating "wild" flu viruses than those used to make egg-based vaccines. Cell-based influenza vaccine technology may offer advantages over the standard influenza manufacturing process, including greater scalability and faster production during an influenza pandemic. On June 21, 2023, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) presented considerations and proposed recommendations for the 2023-2024 flu season in the U.S. On February 22, 2023, the CDC's ACIP agenda highlighted preliminary data on the effectiveness of cell-based influenza vaccines (i.e., Flucelvax) during the 2022-23 flu season.

On July 10, 2025, CSL Seqirus announced that the Company had commenced shipping its differentiated portfolio of influenza vaccines for the 2025/26 U.S. season. 

In the United Kingdom and European Union, Flucelvax is marketed as FLUCELVAX® TETRA.

CSL Seqirus reported on February 12, 2024, a half-year revenue of $ 1.804 billion, which was up 2% over the same period last year. In the U.S., CSL Seqirus operates a state-of-the-art cell-based manufacturing facility in Holly Springs, NC, purpose-built in partnership with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) to increase cell-based vaccine manufacturing capacity and combat pandemic influenza threats. On August 15, 2023, the Company announced that significant progress had been made on constructing the new cell-culture influenza vaccine facility in Melbourne, which is expected to be operational by 2026. Seqirus is part of CSL Limited (ASX: CSL), headquartered in Melbourne, Australia. The CSL Group employs over 20,000 people in more than 60 countries.

Flucelvax Vaccine Effectiveness 

Additionally, data presented by the Marshfield Clinic Research Institute on February 22, 2023, demonstrated that cell-based influenza vaccines, such as FluecelVax, provided 71% effectiveness in children between 6 months and 18 years old and 54% effectiveness among adults aged 18 years and older.

Flucelvax Vaccine Indication

A six-month or longer age indication for FLUCELVAX is approved in the U.S., Argentina, Canada, Taiwan, Australia & New Zealand to prevent disease caused by influenza A and type B viruses in the vaccine. For additional information on Seqirus influenza vaccines for the upcoming flu season, as well as resources about vaccination campaigns and CDC guidance, visit flu360.com.

Flucelvax Vaccine Pediatric 

A study funded by Seqirus CLS and published on October 15, 2023, concluded that using a QIVc is effective in pediatric patients, with evidence of incremental benefits over using a QIVe in preventing hospitalizations and influenza-related medical encounters in nearly all published studies. The use of QIVc in pediatric populations is cost-effective when incorporated into a broader scheme that spans multiple age groups. The lack of potential for mismatch due to egg adaptation, combined with manufacturing benefits, means that cell-based influenza vaccines can play an essential role in population-level protection against Influenza.

Flucelvax Vaccine Pregnancy

On October 25, 2023, Gregg C. Sylvester, MD, MPH, Seqirus, presented at the ACIP Meeting - Pregnancy Outcomes with ccIIV4 (Flucelvax); Post Marketing Study. The independent expert committee found no evidence of a safety concern. These data support the use of ccIIV4 for immunization against Influenza in pregnant women and the fetus/infant population. Additionally, Nicky Klein, MD, PhD, Director of the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, presented the safety of the quadrivalent recombinant influenza vaccine in pregnant women and their infants. In summary, within a large population of influenza-vaccinated pregnant women, no differences were observed in pregnancy, birth, and neonatal/infant outcomes when comparing RIV4 with SD-IIV4. No safety concerns were identified after RIV4 use in pregnancy.

CSL Seqirus presented original safety data at the Infectious Diseases Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology annual meeting from a new prospective observational cohort study evaluating pregnancy outcomes and fetal events of interest following vaccination with the Company's cell-based Flucelvax QIVc. The study found no unexpected adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women in the U.S. who were vaccinated with QIVc.

On July 30, 2021, Seqirus announced a 'prospective observational cohort study that evaluated pregnancy outcomes and events of interest in the fetus or infant following vaccination with QIVc during any trimester. "Pregnant people (women) and people (women) who have recently given birth can be particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases like influenza," commented Christopher Robinson, M.D., MSCR, Charleston Maternal-Fetal Medicine and study author, in a press release. "These data provide further reassurance on the safe use of seasonal influenza vaccines in pregnant people (women)."

Flucelvax Vaccine Price

CSL Seqirus provides a coding and billing guide for healthcare providers. 

Flucelvax Vs. Egg-Based Vaccines

On December 19, 2023, the Original Research should have presented real-world evidence (RWE) evaluating clinical outcomes among seniors aged 65 years or older, indicating a superior clinical benefit of all adjuvanted trivalent vaccines over standard egg-derived quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines. In a meta-analysis of RWE from cohort design studies, the pooled estimate for the relative vaccine effectiveness of V3 compared with IIV4e for the prevention of influenza-related medical encounters was 13.7% (95% confidence interval: 3.1%–24.2%).

Flucelvax Vaccine Dosage

Flucelvax is a preservative- and latex-free vaccine for intramuscular injection only. It is available as a 0.5ml intramuscular vaccine per dose.

Flucelvax Vaccine Side Effects

CSL Seqirus published a FluCelVax vaccine side effect disclosure in 2016, followed by Australia, and the EMA updated Flucelvax Tetra in 2020. The most common (≥10%) local and systemic reactions in adults 18-64 years of age were injection site pain (45.4%), headache (18.7%), fatigue (17.8%), and myalgia (15.4%), injection site erythema (13.4%), and induration (11.6%), according to the U.S. FDA.

Flucelvax Vaccine News

July 10, 2025 - Stefan Merlo, Vice President of Commercial Operations, North America, CSL Seqirus, stated, "In light of this, we are fully committed to supporting our partners in their efforts to protect the health of their communities by offering a differentiated portfolio of flu vaccines with options designed to provide higher levels of protection compared to traditional vaccines, helping address factors that commonly impact vaccine effectiveness."

July 9, 2024 - CSL Seqirus announced that it has commenced shipping its differentiated portfolio of influenza vaccines.

July 1, 2024 - The U.S. FDA wrote: We hereby approve the draft content of labeling, including the Package Insert submitted on March 28, 2024, and the draft carton and container labels submitted on the same date, as well as under Amendment 2, dated June 3, 2024.

February 8, 2024 - "Influenza continues to cause a significant public health burden, and the agility to rapidly adapt vaccines to match the circulating strains remains paramount. We are proud to say that we have responded swiftly to meet the FDA's directive and are committed to working with health authorities to support this transition ahead of the 2024/25 flu season," said Gregg Sylvester, Chief Health Officer and Head of Medical Affairs, CSL Seqirus.

October 11, 2023 - CSL Seqirus announced new data from three studies supporting the clinical, public health, and economic value of cell-based and adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccines. The data highlights the effectiveness and value of influenza vaccination in the U.S. across all relevant age groups, risk profiles, and influenza seasons with different levels of influenza burden.

August 15, 2023 - CSL Seqirus reported that FLUCELVAX® sales recently increased by 30%.

July 17, 2023 - CSL Seqirus announced it has begun to ship 55 million cell-based, adjuvanted, and egg-based influenza vaccines across the U.S.

September 26, 2022 - Seqirus published data that "show the benefits of adjuvanted and cell-based influenza vaccine technology advances, like aTIV and QIVc, in reducing influenza-related outcomes compared to high-dose or standard vaccines in the real-world setting," said Dr. Gregg Sylvester, Chief Health Officer

July 11, 2022 - CSL Seqirus announced the shipping of its influenza vaccines for the 2022/23 flu season. 

June 6, 2022 - Seqirus announced the completion of an expansion to its manufacturing facility in Holly Springs, N.C., which supports the formulation and fill-finish of cell-based influenza vaccines in pre-filled syringes for global communities. The U.S. FDA-approved manufacturing facility and pre-filled syringe line will allow Seqirus to increase its capacity to supply the U.S. market with FLUCELVAX® QUADRIVALENT vaccines.

June 2, 2022 - Seqirus announced its manufacturing facility in Holly Springs, North Carolina. It has successfully met all the criteria required to establish domestic manufacturing capability for cell-based seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines, as outlined by the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA). Additionally, the joint investment enables Seqirus to sustain the production of differentiated seasonal cell-based influenza vaccines.

October 19, 2021 - Seqirus presented new real-world evidence (RWE) at the International Society for Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases (ISIRV) global meeting. Most notably, Seqirus' cell-based quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (QIVc) was more effective than standard, egg-based quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVe) in reducing influenza-related medical encounters (IRME) in children (aged ≥4 to ≤17) and adults (aged ≥18) during the 2019/20 U.S. influenza season.

October 15, 2021 - New Jersey-based Seqirus announced that the U.S. FDA had approved FLUCELVAX® QUADRIVALENT for an expanded age indication for children as young as six months old.

August 19, 2021 - Seqirus announced plans to accelerate the development of its next-generation messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine technology, self-amplifying messenger RNA (sa-mRNA), by establishing a dedicated sa-mRNA program. Seqirus is developing several sa-mRNA-based influenza vaccine candidates, with pre-clinical results demonstrating promise compared to more traditional influenza vaccine technologies. The Company targets clinical trials for seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine candidates in the second half of 2022.

July 30, 2021 - The Flucelvax Quadrivalent Vaccine (QIVc) was safe for pregnant women. "These data provide additional safety information regarding unexpected pregnancy complications and/or fetal outcomes to healthcare providers considering vaccination to protect their pregnant patients from the flu," said Josephine van Boxmeer, lead Clinical Scientist for the study at Seqirus and an author. "We are committed to helping to protect as many people as possible against influenza, including those who are pregnant."

May 3, 2021 - Seqirus-US presented new Phase 3 clinical data demonstrating that the Company's cell-based quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (QIVc) was as safe and immunogenic as a standard quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (QIV) in children six months through <4 years of age during the U.S. 2019/20 influenza season.

March 18, 2021 - Seqirus announced that Health Canada had approved FLUCELVAX® QUADRIVALENT.

March 4, 2021 - Seqirus announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration had approved FLUCELVAX® QUADRIVALENT (Influenza Vaccine), the Company's cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVc), for an expanded age indication for people two years of age and older.

December 9, 2020 - Seqirus presented new real-world evidence at the European Scientific Working Group on Influenza 2020 showing the clinical benefits of a cell-based, quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (QIVc) in preventing influenza-related medical encounters compared to an egg-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVe) during the 2018 - 2019 influenza season.

October 29, 2020 - Seqirus presented absolute efficacy data on the Company's cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVc) from a randomized controlled trial, which met its primary endpoint in children and adolescents between ≥2 <18 years of age over three influenza seasons.

July 30, 2020 - Seqirus announced it has begun shipping its portfolio of seasonal influenza vaccines to customers in the U.S. for the 2020/21 influenza season. Seqirus is one of the world's largest influenza vaccine companies, well-positioned to supply up to 60 million doses to the U.S. market, depending on demand.

Flucelvax Clinical Trials

Seqirus continues to evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of QIVc in clinical trials.

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IXCHIQ Chikungunya Vaccine

IXCHIQ® Chikungunya Vaccine (VLA1553) Clinical Trials, Dosage, Efficacy, Indication, Side Effects

Valneva SE's IXCHIQ® Chikungunya Vaccine, Live (VLA1553) is the first approved monovalent, single-dose, live-attenuated vaccine. As of 2023, IXCHIQ® was the first vaccine approved to address chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections in adults at increased risk of exposure to the mosquito-transmitted disease. IXCHIQ is based on an infectious clone (CHIKV LR2006-OPY1) that has been attenuated by deleting a significant gene encoding the non-structural replicase complex protein nsP3, thereby protecting against various Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) phylogroups and strains. IXCHIQ is designed for prophylactic and active immunization against CHIKV infections in individuals aged 1 year and above. Recombumin®, a chemically defined, human- and animal-origin-free recombinant human albumin, enables the manufacture and formulation of IXCHIQ. 

IXCHIQ was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA, STN: 125777) on November 9, 2023. The FDA's Summary Basis for Regulatory Action was posted on December 8, 2023. On August 22, 2025, the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research suspended the biologics license for IXCHIQ.

The FDA awarded Valneva a tropical disease priority review voucher under a provision in the FDA Amendments Act of 2007. In 2021, the IXCHIQ vaccine program received FDA Fast Track (2018) and Breakthrough Therapy Designation. The FDA published complete prescribing information at this link. The U.S. Defense Health Agency – Immunization Healthcare Division has published guidance authorizing IXCHIQ as a U.S. Department of Defense countermeasure for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). On August 7, 2025, Valneva announced that the FDA had removed its recommended pause in the use of IXCHIQ® in individuals 60 years of age and older and has approved updates to the Prescribing Information for IXCHIQ® in the U.S. for the prevention of disease caused by the CHIKV in individuals 18 years of age and older who are at high risk of exposure to CHIKV. Furthermore, the product's Warnings and Precautions section has been expanded, particularly for individuals aged 65 or older and those with one or more chronic medical conditions.

On May 9, 2025, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended IXCHIQ for individuals aged 59 and younger, while reports of serious adverse events, including neurologic and cardiac events, in older individuals who have received the vaccine are being investigated. On April 16, 2025, the U.S. CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) updated its recommendation for using the IXCHIQ vaccine to prevent disease caused by the CHIKV. The ACIP recommended IXCHIQ for persons traveling to countries or territories with chikungunya outbreaks. In 2025, the ACIP also noted that IXCHIQ may be indicated in higher-risk settings, such as Réunion and Mayotte in France, given the known risks of severe chikungunya disease and hospitalization. On June 26, 2025, Dr. Lyle Petersen presented this information during the ACIP vaccine meeting. The HHS Secretary adopted these recommendations on May 13, 2025, and they are now official recommendations of the CDC.

On April 1, 2025, Valneva SE announced that the European Commission (EC) had granted marketing authorization in the European Union for IXCHIQ to prevent disease caused by the chikungunya virus. In Europe, IXCHIQ is intended for individuals aged 12 to 64 years. As of July 11, 2025, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) announced that it would lift the temporary restriction on vaccinating people aged 65 years and above, following a thorough review of IXCHIQ by the EMA's safety committee.

On March 31, 2025, Valneva announced that it submitted a label extension application to the UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) to expand access to IXCHIQ for adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. On April 14, 2025, the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) granted marketing authorization for IXCHIQ.

On July 25, 2025, the EMA's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use confirmed the recommendation of the Agency's safety committee following a review of serious side effects of Ixchiq. On August 18, 2025, Health Canada granted marketing authorization for IXCHIQ®.

On September 30, 2025, the Company announced positive antibody persistence data four years after vaccination with a single dose of IXCHIQ®.

On December 8, 2025, a phase 3 clinical study funded by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations and the EU Horizon 2020 concluded that VLA1553 was generally safe and induced seroprotective titres up to 12 months in nearly all adolescents, with favourable safety data in those who were seropositive. The data support the use of VLA1553 for the prevention of disease caused by the chikungunya virus among adolescents and in endemic regions.

Saint-Herblain, France-based Valneva SE (Nasdaq: VALN; Euronext Paris: VLA) is a specialty vaccine company that develops vaccines to prevent diseases with significant unmet medical needs. Valneva's commercial portfolio comprises three travel vaccines: IXIARO/JESPECT, DUKORAL, and IXCHIQ. The Company's website presents the 2024 Annual Business Report and 2023 Sustainability Report, outlining activities and prospective priorities, as mandated by French Decree No. 2017-1265 of August 9, 2017. On April 23, 2025, Valneva was awarded Best Biotech of 2025 at the 16th Annual Vaccine Industry Excellence Awards. On April 3, 2024, Valneva announced it had won the Best Prophylactic Vaccine at the Vaccine Industry Excellence Awards 2024. Valneva won the Breakthrough of the Year on June 14, 2024, for its Chikungunya vaccine at the 2024 European Mediscience Awards.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Availability

As of October 2025, IXCHIQ was available for adults in AsiaCanada, Europe, France (Réunion and Mayotte), the United Kingdom, and the Virgin Islands. Valneva has supplied approximately 80,000 doses of IXCHIQ to various countries. Since the start of 2025, Valneva has focused on launching the vaccine in additional countries, including the Nordics and Austria. By 2026, Valneva intends to enable access to the chikungunya vaccine in India and Brazil by promoting local manufacturing and facilitating access through technology transfers. In Asia, an exclusive license agreement with the Serum Institute of India complements an existing agreement with Instituto Butantan in the Americas.

On May 31, 2024, the European Commission (EMA/271910/2024) recommended the vaccine. The UK's Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency approved IXCHIQ to protect adults against chikungunya disease. On December 19, 2024, Valneva SE and Serum Institute of India (SII) announced an exclusive license agreement to supply IXCHIQ in Asia. As of 2025, the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa) is reviewing IXCHIQ's marketing application. To make the vaccine more accessible to Low- and Middle-Income Countries, Valneva and Instituto Butantan in Brazil signed an agreement in January 2021 to develop, manufacture, and market VLA1553.

On March 24, 2025, Valneva announced an agreement, supported by the local public health agency, Agence Régionale de Santé La Réunion, to provide 40,000 vaccine doses starting on April 7, 2025, with an option to supply additional doses. This supply of doses, paid for by the French authorities, aligns with the recommendation of France's national public health agency, the Haute Autorité de Santé, to prioritize vaccination for adults with comorbidities. IXCHIQ remains available in France, on the mainland, and throughout the overseas territories.

IXCHIQ Vaccine CHIKV Cross-Neutralization

A Research Article published on March 10, 2025, analyzed the plaque reduction neutralization of three CHIKV lineages: the East Central South African, West African, and Asian. These lineages were inhibited by CHIKV-specific neutralizing antibodies present in sera from vaccinated humans. This effect was independent of the time elapsed since vaccination. Moreover, the magnitude of the immune response was similar to the observed in sera from convalescent chikungunya patients.

IXCHIQ Vaccine U.S. CDC Reviews

The ACIP approved recommendations for the use of IXCHIQ among travelers and laboratory workers in February 2024. On October 23, 2024, the ACIP reviewed an update to IXCHIQ. The long-term persistence clinical trial is ongoing, with a 97% seroresponse rate at 2 years. Monitoring will continue for 10 years to determine if a booster dose is needed.

On June 26, 2024, the U.S. CDC ACIP reviewed the following presentations on IXCHIQ and Chikungunya virus. On February 28, 2024, the ACIP reviewed Key points from the FDA licensure and package insert, as well as proposed policy options for the use of the chikungunya vaccine among U.S. adults traveling abroadlaboratory workers, and pregnant and breastfeeding women. On February 29, 2024, Valneva SE announced that the ACIP voted to recommend the use of IXCHIQ® for the prevention of CHIKV-related diseases.

Dr. Beth Bell presented proposed policy options for the use of a chikungunya vaccine among U.S. adults traveling abroad at the ACIP meeting on October 26, 2023. On June 22, 2023, the ACIP reviewed the following presentations: ACIP Work Group timeline (tentative) and the value of a vaccine to prevent travel-related Chikungunya for U.S. persons. On February 23, 2023, the ACIP presentations included: Introduction by Dr. Beth Bell; Global Epidemiology of Chikungunya, presented by Dr. Susan Hills; Chikungunya in U.S. travelers, presented by Ms. Nicole Lindsey; Persistent arthralgia Chikungunya, also presented by Ms. Nicole Lindsey; and Workgroup considerations, also presented by Ms. Nicole Lindsey. During the ACIP meeting on October 19, 2022, Katrin Dubischar, VP and Program Director of the Chikungunya Vaccine, delivered the introduction to the VLA1553 Chikungunya Vaccine Candidate, Evidence Supporting the Serological Endpoint, and an overview of the clinical study. VLA1553 is an efficient and safe intervention that offers high seroprotection against chikungunya virus infection. This virus is likely to spread globally, and there is an urgent need for long-lasting prophylaxis.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Efficacy

Among the 254 healthy adults still followed in a clinical trial, as of September 30, 2025, 95% maintained neutralizing antibody titers well above the seroresponse threshold4 four years after the single-dose vaccination. The persistence of antibodies in older adults (aged 65+) was comparable to that in younger adults (18-64 years of age) in terms of geometric mean titers and seroresponse rates.

On June 5, 2025, Valneva announced positive six-month antibody persistence and safety data for its Phase 2 clinical trial evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of two different dose levels of IXCHIQ. The VLA1553-221 trial's six-month results were in line with the initial data the Company reported for this trial in January 2025 and are intended to support a pivotal Phase 3 study in children, which the Company expects to initiate in the first quarter of 2026.

On January 20, 2025, Valneva SE reported IXCHIQ® showed a sustained 98.3% sero-response rate one year after a single vaccination. The Lancet Infectious Diseases published results from a phase 3b study, concluding that after a single dose of VLA1553, Chikungunya virus-neutralizing antibodies remained above the protective threshold and persisted for up to two years. There were no long-term serious adverse events related to vaccination. Valneva announced on December 3, 2024, that among the 278 healthy adults still enrolled in a clinical trial, 96% maintained neutralizing antibody titers well above the seroresponse threshold three years after receiving a single dose of the vaccine.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Indication

IXCHIQ targets long-term protection against the Chikungunya virus but may not protect all individuals against the disease. The U.S. CDC recommends vaccination for individuals traveling to a country with a chikungunya outbreak. The CDC issued an updated Level 2 Travel Health Advisory confirming that chikungunya vaccination is recommended for adults traveling to destinations with a chikungunya outbreak, such as Brazil. In Europe, IXCHIQ is authorized for individuals aged 12 to 65. The EMA states that this vaccine should only be used when there is a significant risk of Chikungunya, after careful consideration of the benefits and risks. 

On April 25, 2025, France's national public health agency, the French Health Authority, suspended its recommendation for use of the vaccine in that older age range pending further investigation.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Pediatric Indication

On June 5, 2025, positive six-month antibody persistence and safety data for its Phase 2 clinical trial evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of two different dose levels of its single-shot chikungunya vaccine, IXCHIQ®, in 304 children, were announced. A full dose (licensed IXCHIQ formulation and presentation) elicited a more robust immune response in children aged 1 to 11 years at Day 15 and Day 180 post-vaccination compared to a half dose. Overall, the immunological response profile was consistent with that previously observed in adults and adolescents. The strong immune response was confirmed in CHIKV-naïve children with a 96.5% seroresponse rate (full dose) at Day 180. VLA1553 was well tolerated in these children regardless of the dose or previous CHIKV infection. No safety concerns were identified. The comparability of the VLA1553 doses tested in terms of safety and tolerability, along with the more pronounced immune response observed for the full dose in all age groups tested in children up to Day 180 post-vaccination, supports the selection of the full dose for use in this population.

On January 22, 2025, Valneva announced that VLA1553-221 met its primary endpoint, demonstrating that the vaccine was well tolerated by children aged one to eleven years, regardless of the dose (half dose or full dose) or previous CHIKV infection, and, to a similar extent, by an active control MenACYW vaccine. Overall, the safety profile was consistent with the profile observed in Valneva's pivotal Phase 3 trials in adults and adolescents. An independent Data Safety Monitoring Board confirmed the absence of any safety concerns. Valneva's vaccine was highly immunogenic in both dose groups. A full dose of the vaccine elicited a more robust immune response than a half dose, as evidenced by protective antibody titers already present at Days 15 and 29, confirming the immunogenicity previously observed in adults and adolescents.

A modeling study published on May 1, 2025, concluded that a disease-blocking vaccine with 75% efficacy deployed in 40% of individuals aged ≥12 years over 3 months would have prevented 34,200 (95% CI 30,900–38,000) cases, representing 23% of all cases, and 73 (95% CI 66–81) deaths.

On January 10, 2024, Valneva announced that the first participant had been vaccinated in a Phase 2 clinical immunogenicity study evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of two doses of Valneva's single-shot chikungunya vaccine in children. On December 4, 2023, Valneva reported a 97% seroresponse rate 24 months after a single dose of IXCHIQ, with no safety concerns. On November 13, 2023, Valneva reported positive pivotal Phase 3 immunogenicity data in adolescents. VLA1553, administered as a single dose, was generally well tolerated in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, regardless of previous CHIKV infection, and exhibited a safety profile similar to that reported in adults. These results complement the initial Phase 3 safety data the Company reported for the trial in August 2023.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Dosage

VLA1553 is administered intramuscularly with a single dose. At clinical trial centers in Illinois and Alabama, U.S., healthy volunteers aged 18–45 years were randomly assigned (1:1:2) to one of three escalating groups (low dose 3·2 × 10^3 per 0·1 mL; medium dose 3·2 × 10^4 per 1 mL; or high-dose 3·2 × 10^5 50% tissue culture infection dose per 1 mL) and received a single-shot immunization on day 0. Individuals in all groups were revaccinated with the highest dose at either month 6 or 12 and followed for 28 days after revaccination.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Contraindications

IXCHIQ® should not be given to individuals who have a weakened immune system due to medications used for hematologic and solid tumors, are on chemotherapy, have a history of congenital immunodeficiency, are under long-term immunosuppressive therapy, or have an HIV infection and are severely immunocompromised, or have a history of a severe allergic reaction to any vaccine component.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Side Effects and Warnings

On August 22, 2025, the U.S. FDA announced that reported serious adverse events have included 21 hospitalizations and three deaths. As of May 2025, serious adverse events, including two that resulted in death, have been reported in individuals 62 through 89 years of age who received IXCHIQ. Six of these reports have been from the people in the United States. Most U.S. and foreign serious adverse events reported have been in individuals with underlying chronic medical conditions. On May 2, 2025, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) issued a cautionary statement against the use of IXCHIQ in frail older adults, particularly those with comorbidities that may affect their immune response to the vaccine. These decisions were taken in response to reports of Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) in older adults with significant underlying medical conditions and co-medications. Causality for the SAEs reported in the U.S. or La Réunion has not been established.

On October 14, 2024, a study concluded, 'A single dose of VLA1553 presented with an excellent local tolerability profile and overall safety in line with that expected for a live-attenuated vaccine.' Common adverse reactions following vaccination, which occurred in more than 10% of vaccinated individuals in clinical trials, included tenderness, headache, fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, fever, and nausea. IXCHIQ also caused severe or prolonged chikungunya-like adverse reactions in some persons. Appropriate medical treatment to manage immediate allergic reactions, including acute anaphylactic reactions, must be available following the administration of IXCHIQ or any vaccine, according to the FDA.

Vaccination with IXCHIQ® may cause severe or prolonged chikungunya-like adverse reactions. Severe chikungunya-like adverse reactions that prevented daily activity and/or required medical intervention occurred in 1.6% of 3,082 IXCHIQ® recipients and no placebo recipients. Fourteen IXCHIQ® recipients had prolonged (duration at least 30 days) chikungunya-like adverse reactions. The most common injection site reaction (>10%) was tenderness (11%), and the most common systemic adverse reactions (>10%) were headache (31%), fatigue (29%), myalgia (24%), arthralgia (17%), fever (13%), and nausea (11%). In France's overseas departments, side effects were reported in April 2025.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Pregnancy And Lactation 

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of IXCHIQ in pregnant individuals, and the available human data from clinical trials with IXCHIQ are insufficient to establish whether the vaccine poses any risks during pregnancy. In general, vaccination should be deferred until after delivery. However, if pregnant women choose to be vaccinated, vaccination should generally be avoided during the 1st trimester (until 14 weeks of gestation) and after the 36th week of gestation, out of caution. A developmental study was conducted on female rats. IXCHIQ® should be administered during pregnancy only after an individual risk-benefit assessment, taking into account the maternal risk of chikungunya infection and gestational age. Vertical transmission of wild-type CHIKV to neonates from pregnant women with viremia at delivery is standard and can cause severe, potentially fatal CHIKV disease in neonates. Human data are not available to assess the impact of IXCHIQ on milk production, its presence in breast milk, or its effects on the breastfed child.

IXCHIQ Immunocompromised Individuals

XCHIQ should not be administered to individuals with immunodeficiency or those who are immunosuppressed.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Efficacy Against Alphaviruses

Alphaviruses are vector-borne, medically relevant, positive-stranded RNA viruses that cause human disease worldwide. A study published on August 7, 2024, characterized neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) strains. IXCHIQ elicited 100% seroconversion to each virus, except for RRV, where seroconversion was 83.3% among vaccinees, and cross-neutralizing antibody potency decreased with increasing genetic distance from CHIKV. These data suggest that IXCHIQ elicits cross-neutralizing antibody (nAb) breadth that extends to related alphaviruses, as observed in natural CHIKV infection. The journal Science Translational Medicine published a Research Article, Vol. 15, Issue 696, on May 17, 2023, which found that MAbs with the most significant passive protective efficacy in a mouse model of CHIKV also protected against related arthritogenic alphaviruses.

IXCHIQ Vaccine Coadministration

The Company has not disclosed coadministration information.

IXCHIQ Vaccination for Laboratory Staff

According to the CDC, chikungunya vaccination is recommended for laboratory workers at risk of exposure to the virus. Transmission of the virus through the aerosol and percutaneous routes has been documented in laboratory settings, and accidental mucosal exposure is a potential risk. Laboratory work with the Chikungunya virus is restricted to biosafety level-3 (BSL-3) facilities and practices.

Chikungunya Outbreaks

Countries in Asia, Europe, and the Americas reported Chikungunya virus outbreaks in 2023, 2024, and 2025. Over 50 million North Americans, including approximately 7 million Canadians, are expected to travel to areas where Chikungunya is in 2025. While the incidence of Chikungunya CHIKV infection is low, the morbidity and overall burden of the disease are high.

Valneva SE Agreements with CEPI

The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) and Valneva SE announced on July 22, 2024, that they have expanded their partnership to support broader access to IXCHIQ in low- and Middle-Income countries (LMICs), as well as post-marketing trials and potential label extensions in children, adolescents, and pregnant women. CEPI will provide Valneva up to U.S. $41.3 million of additional funding over the next five years, with support from the European Union's (EU) Horizon Europe program. An earlier CEPI agreement awarded Valneva U.S. $24.6 million in CEPI-EU funding to develop, manufacture, and market its single-shot vaccine, particularly for low- and middle-income countries.

Valneva SE Financial News

For the first half of 2025, Valneva reported on August 12, 2025, IXCHIQ® sales of €7.5 million compared to sales of €1.0 million in the first half of 2024, when the vaccine had just been launched in the U.S. First-half IXCHIQ® sales benefited from a CHIKV outbreak on the French island La Réunion.

On June 4, 2025, Valneva announced that after twenty-six years with Vivalis and Valneva, Mr. Franck Grimaud, Chief Business Officer and one of Valneva's co-founders, will leave the Company on June 25, 2025. On May 7, 2025, Valneva SE reported that IXCHIQ® sales increased to €3 million from €0.2 million in the first quarter of 2024. Valneva SE filed its 2024 Universal Registration Document with the French Financial Markets Authority on March 24, 2025, under filing number D.25-0140, and its Form 20-F with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on the same date.

Valneva and the Butantan Institute in Brazil signed a term sheet in May 2020 to develop, manufacture, and market VLA1553. The collaboration is part of the $23.4 million funding framework that Valneva received from CEPI in July 2019 to make VLA1553 accessible to low— and Middle-Income Countries. As of July 22, 2024, Valneva will receive up to $41.3 million from CEPI and the European Union. On February 5, 2025, CEPI reaffirmed its commitment to expanding access to affordable vaccine doses in endemic regions.

IXCHIQ Vaccine News

September 30, 2025 - Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, said, "We are very encouraged by these four-year data, which further reinforce IXCHIQ® 's unique profile and its ability to generate a robust, durable antibody response in both younger and older adults with just a single dose."

August 18, 2025 - Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, said in a press release, "This (Canada) approval marks another major milestone for our vaccine as chikungunya continues to pose a significant risk to people living in or traveling to endemic regions."

June 10, 2025 - Global burden of chikungunya virus infections and the potential benefit of vaccination campaigns.

June 5, 2025 - Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, said, "The six-month persistence and safety data in children are aligned with the robust antibody response and safety profile we reported in adolescents after a single vaccination. Considering the significant risk chikungunya poses to individuals living in or traveling to endemic areas, it's crucial to ensure that the vaccine is accessible to people of all ages and capable of potentially offering long-term protection from a single shot."

May 12, 2025—Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, said: "We reiterate our support for the precautionary measures that have been taken as well as our commitment to continue monitoring all reported serious adverse events, particularly from the active chikungunya vaccination campaign in La Réunion. There have been no further SAEs reported outside of this public vaccination effort aimed at combating the ongoing outbreak. We will continue proactively engaging with the global regulatory authorities while these important investigations continue over the next month."

April 18, 2025 - Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, commented in a press release, "Valneva is committed to the highest standards of safety, and the safety profile of IXCHIQ® remains unchanged and positive. We respect the ACIP recommendation and agree on the importance of continuing the stringent safety surveillance protocols that are in place. We encourage providers to assess the benefit/risk of vaccination based on the individual's medical history and upcoming travel, which aligns with the current recommendation."

April 14, 2025 - Dr. Esper Kallás, Director of Instituto Butantan, stated, "The approval of the chikungunya vaccine is a great victory for Brazil, where over 150,000 people suffer from the disease yearly. It is an honor for Butantan to be able to contribute to ensuring that this vaccine reaches the population that needs it the most."

April 1, 2025 - Dr. Richard Hatchett, Chief Executive Officer of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, commented, "EC's marketing authorization for use of IXCHIQ® in adolescents in the EU is an important stepping stone that could help accelerate the approval of the vaccine in this age group in other regions, including areas where the disease is endemic."

February 28, 2025 - Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, stated, "Broader accessibility will help provide protection and mitigate the burden of this debilitating illness, which continues to spread in previously unaffected areas."

February 25, 2025 - The CDC investigates hospitalizations for cardiac or neurologic events following vaccination with IXCHIQ.

February 18, 2025: Peter BühlValneva'sva's Chief Financial Officer, commented, "Once again, we successfully delivered double-digit sales growth... We made significant clinical and regulatory progress last year, setting the stage for several important catalysts to drive value in 2 "25."

February 4, 2025: Julian Beach, MHRA Interim Executive Director of Healthcare Quality and Access, said in a press release, "Patient safety is our top priority, which is why I am pleased to confirm the approval of the first vaccine in the UK to protect adults 18 years and older against Chikungunya."

January 22, 2025 - Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, stated, "These initial data in children are consistent with the robust antibody response and favorable safety profile we reported in both adolescents and adults after a single vaccination."

December 3, 2024—Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, said in a press release, "We are extremely pleased about these three-year data, which further highliIXCHIQ®'sQ®'s differentiated product profile and ability to induce a robust, long-lasting antibody response in both younger and older adults with a single vaccination. 

September 4, 2024: The Lancet published a Comment stating that an effective chikungunya vaccine would reduce the burden of acute infections and mitigate the substantial loss of economic productivity in working-age adults.

July 22, 2024—Thomas Lingelbach, Chief Executive Officer of Valneva, said, "We are extremely pleased to strengthen our partnership with CEPI." Valneva will receive up to $41.3 million from CEPI and the European Union to expand access to the chikungunya vaccine, IXCHIQ®.

July 1, 2024: Dr. Richard Hatchett, CEO of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, comments, "Supported by CEPI and EU funding, IXCHIQ is the world's first vaccine offering protection against the debilitating CHIKV." 

May 21, 2024 – Valneva SE announced the appointment of Dr. Hanneke Schuitemaker, Ph.D., as Chief Scientific Officer and Executive Committee member, effective June 3, 2024.

January 10, 2024 - Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, said, "This pediatric clinical trial is significant. Given the significant threat that Chikungunya poses to individuals living in or traveling to endemic areas, it is crucial to make the vaccine accessible to all age groups."

October 19, 2022—The U.S. CDC vaccine committee reviews various presentations, including "Overview of Chikungunya and Chikungunya Vaccines" by Susan Hills, MBBS, MTH, the CDC Lead of the Chikungunya Vaccines Work Group.

July 7, 2021 - Valneva SE announced that the U.S. FDA had awarded Breakthrough Therapy Designation for VLA1553.

January 25, 2021: Valneva SE and Instituto Butantan signed definitive agreements to develop, manufacture, and market Valneva's single-shot chikungunya vaccine, VLA1553, in Low —and Middle-Income Countries.

October 16, 2020 - Valneva SE announced that the European Medicines Agency had granted PRIority Medicines designation for VLA1553.

December 21, 2018 - The U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted VLA1553 Fast Track designation. 

VLA-1553 Clinical Trials

Valneva continues to test the VLA1553 Chikungunya Vaccine in various clinical trials.

A Phase IV study, promoted by the CHU of La Réunion and financed by the Ministry of Health, with the support of ANRS Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Region of La Réunion, is underway. The results of this study are expected to be available in late 2025.

On June 13, 2023, the phase 3 study results were published: Between September 17, 2020, and April 10, 2021, 6,100 people were screened for eligibility. One thousand nine hundred seventy-two people were excluded, and 4,128 participants were enrolled and randomized (3,093 to VLA1553 and 1,035 to placebo). 358 participants in the VLA1553 group and 133 in the placebo group discontinued the trial before it ended. The per-protocol population for immunogenicity analysis comprised 362 participants (266 in the VLA1553 group and 96 in the placebo group). After a single vaccination, VLA1553 induced seroprotective chikungunya virus-neutralizing antibody levels in 263 (98.9%) of 266 participants in the VLA1553 group (95% CI 96.7–99.8; p < 0.0001) 28 days post-vaccination, independent of age. VLA1553 was generally safe, with an adverse event profile similar to that of other licensed vaccines, and was equally well tolerated in both younger and older adults. Serious adverse events were reported in 46 (1·5%) of 3082 participants exposed to VLA1553 and eight (0·8%) of 1033 participants in the placebo arm. Only two serious adverse events related to VLA1553 treatment (one mild myalgia and one syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion) were considered. Both participants recovered fully.

VLA1553-301 Phase 3 trial was initiated in September 2020. It is a prospective, double-blinded, multicenter, randomized, pivotal Phase 3 trial evaluating 4,115 participants aged 18 years or above. Lyophilized VLA1553 or placebo was administered as a single intramuscular immunization. The trial's primary objective was to assess the Immunogenicity and safety of VLA1553 one month following a single vaccination. 

Conducted in Brazil by Instituto Butantan, VLA1553-321 is a double-blinded, multicenter, randomized, and placebo-controlled Phase 3 trial. The study will also provide safety and immunogenicity data in participants who have been previously infected with Chikungunya 2022. Valneva confirmed that the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) had funded a Phase 3 clinical study and reported positive topline results from a lot-to-lot manufacturing consistency trial for VLA1553. An analysis announced on March 8, 2022, confirmed the very high level of seroprotection, with 98.9% of participants achieving protective levels of CHIKV-neutralizing antibodies one month after receiving a single vaccination. In addition, the immunogenicity profile was maintained over time, with 96.3% of participants demonstrating protective CHIKV-neutralizing antibody titers 6 months after a single immunization. 

On September 4, 2024, The Lancet published results from a CEPI and EU Horizon 2020-funded phase 3 study conducted in Brazil. The study concluded that VLA1553 was generally safe and induced seroprotective titers in almost all vaccinated adolescents, with favorable safety data in seropositive adolescents at baseline. The data support the use of VLA1553 to prevent diseases caused by the Chikungunya virus among adolescents in endemic areas

0 min read
Availability: 
Asia, Europe, France, UK, Brazil
Generic: 
VLA1553
Drug Class: 
Live-attenuated Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Friday, December 12, 2025 - 05:10
Brand: 
IXCHIQ®
Abbreviation: 
Chikungunya Vaccine 
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
FDA First In Class: 
Yes
Rate Vaccine: 
irLgHa10

Lyme Disease Vaccine (VLA15)

Lyme Disease Vaccine (VLA15) Clinical Trials, Dosage, Side Effects, Usage

Lyme disease candidate VLA15 is a multivalent recombinant protein vaccine targeting Borrelia's outer surface protein A (OspA). It is designed for prophylactic and active immunization against Lyme disease, protecting people against most human-pathogenic Borrelia species. OspA is one of the most dominant surface proteins expressed by the bacteria when present in a tick bite. The VLA15 vaccine protects humans by raising antibodies that prevent Borrelia from migrating from ticks after a bite. VLA15 is designed to cover about 97% of Borrelia in North America and Europe. VLA15 is being tested as an alum-adjuvanted formulation and administered intramuscularly. As of December 2025, VLA15 is the only Lyme disease vaccine candidate in advanced phase 3 clinical development. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Fast Track designation to the VLA15 vaccine development program in July 2017.

On November 26, 2025, Valneva announced positive final immunogenicity and safety data from the Phase 2 study, VLA15-221. VLA15 showed a strong anamnestic immune response and a favorable safety profile six months after a third booster dose (month 48) in all age groups, confirming compatibility with the anticipated benefits of a yearly vaccination before each Lyme season. On September 3, 2025, Valneva announced a strong immune response following the third annual booster dose in children and adults, as well as a significant anamnestic antibody response across all six serotypes. The independent Data Monitoring Committee observed no safety concerns across age groups, consistent with previous booster results from the ongoing Phase 2 study. On November 7, 2025. the Lancet Infectious Disease published an article confirming the immunogenicity and safety of an 18-month booster dose of the VLA15 in a phase 2 trial, which revealed the safety and robust anamnestic immune responses associated with VLA15 boosting, supporting its use as a strategy to increase anti-OspA antibody levels before tick season among children, adolescents, and adults.

On April 25, 2025, The Lancet Infectious Diseases published a Pfizer and Valneva-funded phase 2 study confirming previously observed safety and immunogenicity profiles of VLA15 in adults and extending them to children aged 5 years and older and adolescents. The greater immunogenicity of VLA15 in children and adolescents might translate into greater flexibility in the real-world clinical setting. On March 20, 2025, Valneva confirmed that its Lyme disease program is progressing according to plan, including the completion of the primary vaccination series (three doses) in the ongoing Phase 3 study VALOR, the reporting of further positive Phase 2 booster results, and the publication of Phase 2 data in The Lancet. Valneva confirmed on February 18, 2025, and May 7, 2025, that the first data readout of the Lyme disease Phase 3 clinical trial is expected by the end of 2025.

On September 3, 2024, Valenva announced that the VLA15-221 Phase 2 study had posted strong immune responses one month after a second booster dose (month 2) in pediatric and adult populations. A significant anamnestic antibody response was observed across all six serotypes, consistent with previous results, and a favorable safety profile of VLA15 was observed in all age groups and for all vaccinations. On May 31, 2024, The Lancet published an article titled "Optimization of Dose Level and Vaccination Schedule for the VLA15 Lyme Borreliosis Vaccine Candidate Among Healthy Adults: Two Randomized, Phase 2 Studies" provides a detailed analysis of the VLA15-201 and VLA15-202 trial results, which investigated different dose levels and vaccination schedules of VLA15, a hexavalent Lyme disease vaccine candidate targeting most prevalent  Borrelia species (serotype 1-6) in North America and Europe. On November 26, 2025, Valneva announced positive final immunogenicity and safety data from the Phase 2 study, VLA15-221, which confirmed the benefits of a yearly vaccination before each Lyme season.

Valneva SE and Pfizer, Inc., a New York-based company,  announced a development and commercialization collaboration for VLA15 in April 2020. Pfizer leads the vaccine's late-stage development and commercialization. Pfizer presented its Lyme disease strategy on slide #18, indicating it could submit a Biologics License Application to the FDA and a Marketing Authorization Application to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in 2026, subject to positive phase 3 study data. 

Valneva SE (Nasdaq: VALN; Euronext Paris: VLA) is a specialty vaccine company based in Saint-Herblain, France, that develops vaccines to prevent diseases with significant unmet medical needs. On June 25, 2025, Valneva announced that all the resolutions recommended by the Board of Directors were approved by the shareholders at its Annual General Meeting. On February 18, 2025, Valneva announced that it had met its 2024 growth targets for sales revenue (+13% compared to 2023) and total revenues (+10% compared to 2023).

U.S. CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Workgroup - Lyme Disease Vaccine VLA15

Grace E. Marx, MD, MPH, presented an Introduction to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Lyme Disease Vaccines Work Group on April 15, 2025. The first work group meeting will be held in May 2025, followed by an ACIP presentation on the epidemiology, burden, and clinical manifestations of Lyme disease in June 2025.

Lyme Disease Vaccine VLA15 Indication

VLA15 is a vaccine designed to prevent Lyme disease in people. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Lyme disease is a systemic infection caused by the Borrelia bacteria, which are transmitted to humans by infected Ixodes ticks. It is considered the most common vector-borne illness in the Northern Hemisphere and Europe. Nearly all human infections are caused by three B burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies: Borrelia garinii, Borrelia afzelii, and B burgdorferi sensu stricto. All three species cause Lyme borreliosis in Europe, whereas only Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto causes Lyme borreliosis in the United States.

On June 13, 2022, the journal BMJ Global Health reported that approximately 14% of the world's population likely has or has had Tickborne Lyme disease, as indicated by antibodies in the blood, based on a pooled data analysis of available evidence. In addition, the reported global estimate of Bb seropositivity is relatively high, with the top three regions being Central Europe, Western Europe, and Eastern Asia. 

A report from FAIR Health indicates that, from 2007 to 2021, Lyme disease diagnoses rose by 357% in rural areas and 65% in urban areas. In June and July, insurance claim lines with Lyme disease diagnoses were more common in rural than urban areas. But from November to April, claim lines with Lyme disease diagnoses occurred more often in urban than rural areas. Additionally, the CDC published "Comparison of Lyme Disease in the United States and Europe" on July 18, 2021. Patients with erythema migrans more often have concomitant systemic symptoms in the United States than in Europe.

Lyme Disease Vaccine VLA15 Mechanism of Action

Valneva has developed an innovative mechanism of action for VLA15: Upon feeding, the tick ingests antibodies from the host's blood. In the tick gut, OspA antibodies bind to B. burgdorferi's OspA. OspA-bound antibodies inhibit the dissemination of bacteria in the tick, thereby blocking transmission to the host (i.e., humans). A 2017 study found that immunological memory could be confirmed by a three-prime immunization followed by a booster dose administered five months later. Additionally, the half-lives of anti-OspA serotype-specific antibody titers following booster immunization were longer than those after primary vaccination. In addition, the clinical data showed that VLA15 induced protection in mice against challenges with four clinically relevant Borrelia species (B. burgdorferi, B. afzelii, B. garinii, and B. bavariensis), which express five of the six OspA serotypes included in the vaccine.

Lyme Disease Vaccine VLA15 Dosage

The randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 VALOR study participants received a three-dose (Months 0, 2, and 6) or a two-dose (Months 0 and 6) vaccination schedule. Higher antibody levels were observed in the three-dose vaccination schedule. A fourth "booster" dose is being evaluated for 2024/2025. ValnevOner 10, 2024, that VValneva clarified LA15 the dosage could include annual booster doses.

Lyme Disease Vaccine VLA15 Side Effects

In the VLA15-202 Phase 2 study, VLA15 was found to be safe and well-tolerated across all doses and age groups. No serious adverse events related to the treatment were observed in any treatment group or during the one-month post-booster period. VLA15-221's leading safety and immunogenicity readouts in adults were performed at month seven. The clinical trial is ongoing to assess the safety and immunogenicity of VLA15 in children aged 5 years and older.

Disease Tests

The U.S. CDC currently recommends a 2-step testing process for Lyme disease. Both steps are required and can be done using the same blood sample. The peer-reviewed journal Cell Reports published a study on November 15, 2022, titled "Gene set predictor for post-treatment Lyme disease." By distilling gene sets from this study with those from other sources, the researchers identified a subset of genes highly expressed in the cohorts that were not previously established as biomarkers for inflammatory responses or other viral or bacterial infections. They further reduce this gene set by highlighting the importance of developing an mRNA biomarker set capable of distinguishing healthy individuals from those with acute L.D. or PTLD as a candidate for translation into an L.D. diagnostic.

Lyme Disease Vaccine VLA15 News

November 7, 2025 - The Lancet Infectious Diseases published: Immunogenicity and safety of an 18-month booster dose of the VLA15 Lyme borreliosis vaccine candidate after primary immunisation in children, adolescents, and adults in the USA: a randomised, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

September 3, 2025 - Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, commented in a press release, "These latest data further reinforce the potential benefits of booster doses across all evaluated age groups."

August 12, 2025 - Valneva confirmed Pfizer aims to submit a Biologics License Application to the U.S. FDA and a Marketing Authorization Application to EMA in 2026, subject to positive Phase 3 data.

June 4, 2025 - The Company stated: Revenues from our growing commercial business help fuel the continued advancement of our vaccine pipeline. This includes the only Lyme disease vaccine candidate in advanced clinical development.

April 25, 2025 - The Lancet published: Immunogenicity and safety of different immunization schedules of the VLA15 Lyme borreliosis vaccine candidate in adults, adolescents, and children: a randomized, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. 

March 20, 2025 - Valneva confirmed that its 2025 outlook reflects solid revenue growth and positive commercial cash flows, supporting strategic R&D investments with lower operating cash burn. It met its 2024 growth targets for product sales (+13% comp vs) and total revenues (+10% comp vs).

February 18, 202: Peter Bühler, Valneva's Chief Financial Officer, commented, "Once again, we successfully delivered double-digit sales growth.. We made significant clinical and regulatory progress last year, setting the stage for several vital catalysts to drive value in 2025, most notably the first Phase 3 study results for our lead Lyme disease vaccine candidate, VLA15.

November 22, 2024 - Parasites & Vectors published a study that finds that 50% of adult blacklegged ticks carry the bacteria that cause Lyme disease.

October 10, 2024 - Vlaneva SE presented an investor update.

August 16, 2024 - Do We Need a Lyme Disease Vaccine? Plotkin, Stanley A., MD. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.

September 19, 2024 - U.S. CDC - New Clinical Tools and Resources to Support Patients with Prolonged Symptoms and Concerns about Lyme Disease.

September 3, 2024—Annaliesa Anderson, Ph. D., Senior Vice President and Head of Vaccine Research and Development at Pfizer, commented in a press release, "Together with our partner Valneva, we look forward to progressing our vaccine candidate in the ongoing Phase 3 clinical trials."

December 4, 2023 - Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, said in a press release. "The completion of enrollment is an important milestone in developing a potential vaccine for Lyme disease."

August 11, 2022Valneva announced excellent progress on the late-stage Lyme Disease Vaccine Candidate VLA15. The Phase 3 study was initiated in August 2022, and other positive Phase 2 results, including the first pediatric data, were reported.

August 8, 2022 - Pfizer Inc. and Valneva SE announced the initiation of the Phase 3 clinical study, "Vaccine Against Lyme for Outdoor Recreationists," to investigate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the Lyme disease vaccine candidate VLA15.

April 26, 2022 - Valneva SE and Pfizer Inc. reported positive Phase 2 pediatric data for their Lyme disease vaccine candidate, VLA15, in pediatric participants aged 5-17 years.

July 28, 202: Pfizer, Inc. published its Lyme disease vaccine strategy on slide #18 of its final results presentation. This assay demonstrated Phase 2 efficacy, with more than 90% of subjects seroconverting to all six serotypes commonly found in the United States and the European Union following a three-dose vaccination schedule.

November 3, 2020—Valneva reported a serum bactericidal assay assessing the functional immune response against Lyme disease after vaccination with VLA15. This assay was conducted for the first time in VLA15-202 and demonstrated the functionality of antibodies against all OspA serotypes.

July 22, 202: Valneva SE announced positive initial results for its first Phase 2 study (VLA15-201) of the Lyme disease vaccine candidate VLA15. The vaccine was found efficacious across all dose groups tested.

April 30, 202: Valneva SE and Pfizer announced a collaboration to develop and commercialize Valneva's Lyme disease vaccine candidate, VLA15. The candidate is currently in Phase 2 clinical studies.

July 1, 2019 - A second Phase 2 clinical trial for developing Lyme disease vaccine candidate VLA15 has been announced. Following the Run-In phase for one's first Phase 2 study, VLA15-201, the two dosage levels (135 µg and 180 µg) have been selected for further development, subject to approval from the Data and Safety Monitoring Board. 

VLA15 Clinical Trials

VLA15 continues to undergo clinical trials to assess immunogenicity, safety, and dosing as of 2025.

A Pfizer- and Valneva-funded Phase 2 study, announced on December 25, 2025, confirmed the previously observed safety and immunogenicity profiles of VLA15 in adults and extended them to children aged 5 years and older. The greater immunogenicity of VLA15 in children and adolescents might translate into greater flexibility in the real-world clinical setting.

On July 4, 2023, The Lancet Infectious Diseases wrote. Between January 23, 2017, and January 16, 2019, of 254 participants screened for eligibility, 179 were randomly assigned into six groups: alum-adjuvanted 12 μg (n=29), 48 μg (n=31), or 90 μg (n=31) and non-adjuvanted 12 μg (n=29 participants), 48 μg (n=29), or 90 μg (n=30). VLA15 was well-tolerated and safe; most adverse events were mild to moderate in severity. Overall, adverse events were more frequent in the 48 μg and 90 μg groups (range 28−30 participants [94−97%]) when compared with the 12 μg group (25 [86%] participants, 95% CI 69·4–94·5) for adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted groups. Common local reactions were tenderness (151 [84%] participants; 356 events, 95% CI 78·3−89·4) and injection site pain (120 [67%]; 224 events, 59·9–73·5); most frequent systemic reactions were headache (80 [45%]; 112 events, 37·6–52·0), excessive fatigue (45 [25%]; 56 events, 19·4–32·0), and myalgia (45 [25%]; 57 events, 19·4–32·0). A similar safety and tolerability profile was observed between adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted formulations. The majority of solicited adverse events were mild or moderate. VLA15 was immunogenic across all OspA serotypes, with higher immune responses induced in the adjuvanted higher-dose groups (geometric mean titer range: 90 μg with alum, 61.3 U/mL–321.7 U/mL vs. 23.8 U/mL–111.5 U/mL at 90 μg without alum).

On February 17, 2023, Pfizer and Valnea announced that Pfizer, as the sponsor of the VALOR Phase 3 clinical study, had decided to discontinue the study for a significant number of participants enrolled in the U.S. These study participants, representing approximately half of the total number of participants recruited for the trial, were discontinued following violations of Good Clinical Practice at specific clinical trial sites operated by a third-party clinical trial site operator. The discontinuation of these participants was not due to any safety concerns with the investigational vaccine and was not prompted by a participant-reported adverse event. The companies confirmed on March 23, 2023, that they intend to work with regulatory authorities and, as previously announced, aim for Pfizer to potentially maintain the original submission timelines, pending successful completion of the Phase 3 studies and subject to the agreement of these regulatory agencies to proposed modifications of the clinical trial plan.

Clinical Study VLA15-221 is a randomized, observer-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 study. The first clinical study with VLA15 enrolls pediatric patients aged 5 years and older. 294 healthy adult participants received VLA15 at two different immunization schedules (month 0-2-6 [N=97] or month 0-6 [N=90]) or three doses of placebo (month 0-2-6 [N=107]). Vaccine recipients received VLA15 at a dose of 180 µg, selected based on data from the two previous Phase 2 studies. The primary safety and immunogenicity readouts in adults were performed at month 7. A subset of participants will receive a booster dose of VLA15 or placebo at month 18 (booster phase) and will be followed for three additional years to monitor antibody persistence. The VLA15-221 trial is ongoing to assess the safety and immunogenicity of VLA15 in pediatric patients aged 5 years and older.

On August 8, 2022, the companies announced the initiation of a Phase 3 clinical study, Vaccine Against Lyme for Outdoor Recreationists (VALOR), to investigate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of their investigational Lyme disease vaccine candidate, VLA15. The Estimated Primary Completion Date is December 31, 2024.

On July 22, 2020, the Phase 2 Lyme disease study, VLA15-201, announced that it had met its endpoints. Compared to Phase 1, the higher doses used in this trial elicited higher antibody responses across all serotypes. An encouraging immunogenicity profile was confirmed, including in older adults.

0 min read
Availability: 
Potentially 2025
Generic: 
VLA15
Clinical Trial: 
https://valneva.com/research-development/lyme-disease/
Drug Class: 
Multivalent protein subunit vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Tuesday, December 16, 2025 - 04:40
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
FDA First In Class: 
Yes
Rate Vaccine: 
LyaxFXNa