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Rotarix Vaccine 2023

GSK's Rotarix (Rotavirus Vaccine, Live, Oral) is a live, attenuated rotavirus vaccine derived from the human 89-12 strain belonging to the G1P type. This rotavirus strain is propagated on Vero cells. After reconstitution, the final formulation (1 mL) contains at least 106.0 median Cell Culture Infective Dose (CCID50) of live, attenuated rotavirus. The Rotarix vaccine is used to help prevent disease in children. Rotarix works by exposing your child to a small dose of the virus, which causes the body to develop immunity to the disease. However, this vaccine will not treat an active infection already set in the body. The global clinical development program spanned five continents and demonstrates that Rotarix protects against the most common circulating strains (G1 and non-G1 rotavirus strains), including the emerging G9 strain.

On November 7, 2022, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an oral-dosing applicator-only presentation (liquid formulation) of ROTARIX, which prevents rotavirus gastroenteritis caused by G1 and non-G1 types (G3, G4, and G9) in infants. This new presentation formulation aims to make it more convenient for healthcare providers to prepare ROTARIX by removing the need to reconstitute the vaccine dose at the point of use.

ROTARIX was first approved by the FDA in 2008. The U.S. FDA's package insert is available at this link. DrugBank: Rotavirus vaccine (DB10276).

UK-based GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is one of the world's leading research-based pharmaceutical and healthcare companies.

Rotarix Indication

Rotarix is a vaccine indicated for preventing rotavirus gastroenteritis caused by G1 and non-G1 types (G3, G4, and G9) when administered as a 2-dose series. ROTARIX is approved for use in infants six weeks to 24 weeks. Rotavirus spreads quickly among infants and young children. The virus can cause severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain. Children who get rotavirus disease can become dehydrated and may need to be hospitalized. The U.S. CDC recommends that infants get the rotavirus vaccine to protect against rotavirus disease. Rotarix can also reduce hospitalizations for all gastroenteritis, regardless of cause. On September 5, 2022, BMJ Global Health wrote rotavirus was the leading cause of diarrhea requiring hospitalization among young children in 28 low- and middle-income countries despite the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine.

Rotarix Dosage

The vaccination series consists of two 1-mL doses administered orally. The first dose should be administered to infants at six weeks. There should be at least four weeks between the first and second dose, and the 2-dose series should be completed by 24 weeks of age.

Rotarix Vaccine News

July 26, 2023 - GSK plc announced that established vaccine growth in Q223 was driven by Rotarix, benefitting from the favorable impacts of a US CDC stockpile borrow in 2022 and replenishment in the current quarter.

October 18, 2022 - The JAMA Network published: Rotavirus Leads Global Diarrhea Hospitalizations Among Young Children.

August 22, 2022 - Nigeria has the second-highest number of deaths from rotavirus, accounting for 14 percent of all childhood rotavirus deaths worldwide. The agency said approximately 50,000 children under five die before their fifth birthday due to rotavirus infection.

June 9, 2022 - A peer-reviewed study - Association Between Rotavirus Vaccination and Antibiotic Prescribing among Commercially Insured U.S. Children, 2007-2018 - These results demonstrate that rotavirus vaccines reduce antibiotic prescribing for acute gastroenteritis, which could help reduce the growth of antibiotic resistance.

February 9, 2022 - GSK reported Rotarix sales were down 3% AER but up 1% CER to £541 million, reflecting global demand recovery.

July 28, 2021 - GSK announced its financial results. Rotarix sales were up 3% AER and 9% CER to £132 million, reflecting increased channel stocking on wholesaler purchasing patterns in the USA.

May 10, 2021 - A new study's findings from a meta-analysis revealed that Rotarix vaccinations reduced rotavirus gastroenteritis in children younger than five years by 68.4%.

March 4, 2021 - GSK makes landmark pricing agreement for rotavirus vaccine, Rotarix, for use with children living in humanitarian crises. In a press release, Thomas Breuer, Chief Medical Officer of GSK Vaccines, said, "We are delighted to become the first company to offer a rotavirus vaccine through the Humanitarian Mechanism for use with some children most vulnerable to severe diarrhoeal disease."

March 4, 2021 - Médecins Sans Frontières, Save the Children, UNICEF, and the World Health Organization welcome the opportunity to make the rotavirus vaccine available to more children living in humanitarian crises thanks to a landmark pricing agreement with the manufacturer, GSK. The rotavirus vaccine is the second vaccine to be accessed through the scheme. It depends on manufacturers making their vaccines available at their lowest price for use in emergencies - across countries of all income levels. The first to be made public was the pneumococcal vaccine.

June 5, 2009 - The World Health Organisation (WHO) has awarded global prequalification to GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' vaccine against rotavirus, Rotarix™. The WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) recommended that rotavirus vaccination be included in all national immunization programs. These WHO decisions open the door to making rotavirus vaccines available to children worldwide. The WHO prequalification will accelerate access to the vaccine in Asia and Africa and expand on the WHO decision taken in 2007 to prequalify the vaccine for Europe and the Americas. In addition, the WHO prequalification is necessary for U.N. agencies and the GAVI Alliance to purchase rotavirus vaccines for developing countries.

Rotarix Vaccine Clinical Trials

GSK's Rotarix has completed over 40 clinical trials.

Rabipur® RabAvert® Rabies Vaccine Clinical Trials, Indication, Side Effects

Bavarian Nordic's Rabipur®/RabAvert® vaccine contains an inactivated rabies antigen. It is indicated for pre-exposure vaccination in both primary series and booster doses, as well as for protection against rabies in all age groups. RabAvert is a sterile, freeze-dried rabies vaccine obtained by growing the fixed-virus strain Flury Low Egg Passage (LEP) in primary cultures of chicken fibroblasts. The growth medium for propagating the virus is a synthetic cell culture medium supplemented with human albumin, polygeline (processed bovine gelatin), and antibiotics. The virus is inactivated with β-propiolactone and processed by zonal centrifugation in a sucrose density gradient. Finally, the vaccine is lyophilized after being added to a stabilizer solution containing buffered polygeline and potassium glutamate.

RabAvert, in combination with passive immunization with Human Rabies Immune Globulin [HRIG] and local wound treatment in postexposure treatment against rabies, has been shown to protect patients of all age groups from rabies when the vaccine is administered as soon as possible after rabid animal contact according to the guidelines of the U.S. CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices or the World Health Organization (WHO).

On August 5, 2020, Bavarian Nordic announced the launch of its commercial operations in the USA following the acquisition of the manufacturing and global rights to Rabipur/RabAvert from GSK. As of November 15, 2024, the regulators approved the bulk manufacturing process for Rabipur/RabAvert in October, thereby completing the entire technology transfer for the product to Bavarian Nordic, as the fill-and-finish process had already been established and approved. In May 2025, Bavaria Nordic announced that revenue from Rabipur/RabAvert sales in the first quarter increased to DKK 359 million (DKK 235 million). 

Bavarian Nordic is a fully integrated biotechnology company that develops, manufactures, and commercializes life-saving vaccines. On November 14, 2025, BN announced Rabipur/RabAvert vaccine revenues had increased 20% in 2025. The vaccine is market-leading in Western markets, and more than 80% of its revenue comes from the U.S. and Germany.

Rabipur/RabAvert Availability March 2026

The Rabipur/RabAvert vaccine is marketed in 20 countries worldwide, including the USA and Canada. As of May 2025, the U.S. market grew 3% (Jan-Feb) compared to the prior year. RabAvert's market share was 77%. The German market grew by 118% in the first quarter compared to the same period in the previous year. Rabipur's market share was 97%, significantly higher than the last year (82%), during which a temporary stock-out impacted sales and was in line with year-end levels for 2024.

Rabipur/RabAvert Indication

Rabies is present in more than 150 countries and territories worldwide, except Antarctica. Tens of thousands of people die each year from rabies, mainly in Asia and Africa, with 40% being children under 15 years of age.

RabAvert is indicated for pre-exposure vaccination, in both primary series and booster doses, as well as for post-exposure prophylaxis against rabies in all age groups. Pre-exposure vaccination does not eliminate the need for post-exposure treatment in the event of a potential rabies exposure; it simply reduces the dose of post-exposure therapy required.

Patients at risk of a severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to RabAvert or any of its components should receive an alternative rabies vaccine if a suitable product is available. However, given the almost invariably fatal outcome of rabies, there is no contraindication to post-exposure prophylaxis, including pregnancy.

RabAvert Dosage

According to the U.S. FDA-approved prescribing information, RabAvert is administered intramuscularly in three doses on Days 0, 7, and 21 or 28. RabAvert is intended for intramuscular (IM) injection. In adults, vaccines are typically administered by IM injection into the deltoid muscle. In small children and infants, vaccines are administered into the anterolateral zone of the thigh. An unintentional intravascular injection may result in systemic reactions, including shock. In addition, syncope (fainting) can occur during the administration of injectable vaccines, including RabAvert. Therefore, procedures should be in place to prevent falls and to restore cerebral perfusion following syncope.

One dose of reconstituted vaccine contains ≤12 mg polygeline (processed bovine gelatin), ≤0.3 mg human serum albumin, 1 mg potassium glutamate, and 0.3 mg sodium EDTA. Small quantities of bovine serum are used in the cell culture process. Bovine components originate only from the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. Minimal amounts of chicken protein may be present in the final product; ovalbumen content is ≤3 Ng/dose (1 mL), based on ELISA.

RabAvert should be stored protected from light at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). After reconstitution, the vaccine should be used immediately. It may not be used after the expiration date given on the package and container.

RabAvert Vaccine News

November 14, 2025 - Paul Chaplin, President & Chief Executive Officer of Bavarian Nordic, said: "Our travel health portfolio has shown continued strength, contributing to our best quarter for this business to date. Driven by higher demand and strong performance by our rabies and TBE vaccines in key markets."

May 9, 2025 - Paul Chaplin, President & Chief Executive Officer of Bavarian Nordic, said: "A robust first quarter for our Travel Health business, demonstrating a 52% growth year-over-year and puts us ahead of our strategic goal of an average annual growth rate of 10-12% for this part of the business until 2027."

February 3, 2025 - "We delivered strong results in 2024 after an extraordinary performance in our Travel Health business, demonstrating a 22% growth year-over-year, combined with additional mpox vaccine orders, as we made significant strides in strengthening the public health response in Africa and other regions during the current outbreak. Thus, we exceeded our base projections for the Public Preparedness business, which will continue into 2025," said Paul Chaplin, President and CEO of Bavarian Nordic.

January 23, 2025 - Health Canada has received additional units of the rabies vaccine. It expects them to be distributed by the end of the month, as Toronto continues to ration its doses amid a shortage.

August 5, 2020 - Bavarian Nordic announced the initiation of its entire commercial operations in the U.S., just eight months after acquiring the manufacturing and global rights to Rabipur/RabAvert from GSK.

October 21, 2019 - Bavarian Nordic announced that it had entered an agreement with GlaxoSmithKline to acquire the manufacturing and global rights to Rabipur®/RabAvert® and Encepur®. 

RabAvert Clinical Trials

The RabAvert vaccine has been tested in several clinical trials.

Proquad® Vaccine Clinical Trials, Dosage, Efficacy, Side Effects

Merck's ProQuad® (Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live (MMRV)) is a combined, attenuated, live virus vaccine containing measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella viruses. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), combined vaccines combine equivalent component vaccines into single products to prevent more than one disease or protect against multiple strains of infectious agents that cause the same disease. ProQuad is indicated for active immunization to prevent MMRV in children 12 months through 12 years of age.

One year after a single dose of Proquad, antibody persistence rates were 98.9% against measles, 96.7% against mumps, 99.6% against rubella, and 97.5% against chickenpox. These persistence rates are similar to those observed at one year with the M-M-R II vaccine. However, because a limited proportion (5%-20%) of individuals who receive the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) or varicella vaccine fail to respond to the first dose, a second dose is recommended to provide an additional opportunity to develop immunity, of those who do not respond to the first dose of the measles component of MMR or varicella vaccine, 97%-99% respond to a second dose.

The intramuscular route of administration for Proquad was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (STN: 125108) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) on March 6, 2023. The FDA approved the draft package insert labeling submitted under amendment #2, dated September 15, 2020. Supplemental Update on April 13, 2021. It was updated on April 16, 2021. The Initial U.S. Approval was in 2005. STN: 125108; BL 125108/1010; EMA EMEA/H/C/000622; NDC 0006-4171 PROQUAD. On August 21, 2023, the FDA approved a supplemental BLA submitted under section 351(a) of the Public Health Service Act for Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live (ProQuad) to include the use of Sterile Diluent prefilled syringes.

On November 14, 2023, the UK's Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation recommended that a vaccine against varicella, commonly known as chickenpox, be added to the UK's routine childhood immunisation programme.

Merck & Co., Inc. (Merck Sharpe & Dohme LLC) is a global research-driven pharmaceutical company dedicated to putting patients first, established in 1891.

Proquad Indications

Merck's ProQuad is a vaccine indicated for active immunization to prevent measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella in children aged 12 months through 12 years. Proquad should not be administered to individuals with certain medical conditions, including blood dyscrasias, leukemia, lymphomas of any type, other malignant neoplasms affecting the bone marrow or lymphatic system, or individuals with any immunodeficient condition or receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Proquad also should not be used in individuals with active, untreated tuberculosis or active febrile illness with a fever (> 101.3 degrees F) or pregnant women. 

Pregnancy: ProQuad is contraindicated for use in pregnant women. Do not administer ProQuad to women planning to become pregnant in the next three months. Because of the importance of rubella and varicella immunity among women of childbearing age, the postpartum vaccination of women without evidence of immunity to rubella or varicella with MMR, varicella, or MMRV vaccines should not be delayed because of receipt of anti-Rho(D) globulin or any other blood product during the last trimester of pregnancy or at delivery, says the CDC.

AU TGA pregnancy category B2: Drugs that have been taken by only a limited number of pregnant women and women of childbearing age, without an increase in the frequency of malformation or other direct or indirect harmful effects on the human fetus having been observed. Studies in animals are inadequate or lacking, but available data show no evidence of increased fetal damage.

Proquad Dosage

The CDC published updated vaccination schedules for 2022 on Feb. 17, 2022. Each 0.5-mL dose of ProQuad is administered subcutaneously. The first dose is usually administered between 12 and 15 months of age, but can be given at any time through 12 years of age. If the second dose of measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine is needed, ProQuad may be used. This dose is typically administered between 4 and 6 years of age. At least one month should elapse between a dose of a measles-containing vaccine, such as M-M-R II. The third dose of MMR may be recommended in certain situations involving mumps outbreaks. However, at least three months should elapse between a dose of varicella-containing vaccine and ProQuad.

Proquad Side effects

The following cautions have been reported for ProQuad: fever, injection-site reactions (including pain, tenderness, soreness, erythema, and swelling), irritability, and rash on the body or at the injection site. In addition, systemic vaccine-related adverse events were reported at a significantly greater rate in recipients of ProQuad than in recipients of the component vaccines administered concomitantly, including fever and a measles-like rash.

Hypersensitivity: ProQuad is contraindicated in patients with a history of anaphylactic reaction or hypersensitivity to any vaccine component (including gelatin or neomycin) or an initial dose of measles, mumps, rubella, or varicella-containing vaccine. Use caution when administering ProQuad to individuals with anaphylaxis or immediate hypersensitivity to eggs.

Proquad Vaccine News

March 6, 2023 - The U.S. FDA approved the inclusion of intramuscular (IM) administration to the U.S. package insert for Merck’s measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) family of vaccines, increasing the options for administering routinely recommended injectable pediatric vaccinations Merck announced, "As a pediatrician who routinely vaccinates children, I am excited to have now the option to administer these vaccines intramuscularly," said Dr. Todd Wolynn, co-founding pediatrician of Kids Plus Pediatrics. "This approval provides our practice with an additional route of administration."

April 13, 2021 - The US FDA issued a letter saying: 'We have approved your request submitted and received on October 21, 2020, to supplement your Biologics License Application (BLA) under section 351(a) of the Public Health Service Act for Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live (ProQuad) manufactured at the West Point, PA facility to include newly developed U.S. Patient Package Inserts (PPIs) for the refrigerator-stable and frozen formulations of ProQuad and updated U.S. Package Inserts for the refrigerator-stable and frozen formulations of ProQuad that reference the new PPIs.'

April 16, 2021 - The U.S. FDA updated its Proquad (MMRV) disclosure page.

September 15, 2020 - The US FDA issued a SUPPLEMENT APPROVAL: We have approved your request submitted and received on March 16, 2020, to supplement your Biologics License Application (BLA) under section 351(a) of the Public Health Service Act for Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live (ProQuad) to update the package insert labeling for the refrigerator-stable and frozen formulations to include revisions to Section 5, Warnings and Precautions to state that secondary transmission of varicella vaccine virus (Oka/Merck) can occur between vaccine recipients and contacts susceptible to varicella, including healthy as well as high-risk individuals, leading to disseminated disease.

September 15, 2020 - The U.S. CDC issued a Travel Alert regarding various African measles outbreaks.

February 9, 2020 – The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health (Public Health) confirmed a measles outbreak among five persons. According to an L.A. Public Health press release, this measles outbreak began when an international infectious measles virus visited the greater Los Angeles area.

January 16, 2020 – Austin Public Health announced an investigation of a confirmed rubella case, the 1st since 1999.

January 7, 2020 - A Pew survey found an overwhelming majority of U.S. adults (88%) say the benefits of the MMR vaccine outweigh the risks, which is about the same share as when Pew measured in 2016.

August 8, 2019 – The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) affirmed its Level 2 Travel Alert regarding Japan's ongoing Rubella virus outbreak.

September 6, 2005 - Merck & Co., Inc. announced that the U.S. FDA had approved the Company's combination vaccine PROQUAD(R) (Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella (Oka/Merck) Virus Vaccine Live) for simultaneous vaccination against measles, mumps, rubella (German measles) and varicella (chickenpox) in children 12 months to 12 years of age. PROQUAD is the first and only vaccine approved in the United States to help protect against these four diseases in a single shot. PROQUAD is also approved for use in children aged 12 months to 12 years if a second dose of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine is administered.

Proquad Vaccine Clinical Trials

Proquad vaccine has been involved in over 35 clinical trials.

In 4 randomized trials in which 5,446 healthy children aged 12 to 23 months received PROQUAD, vaccine response rates for PROQUAD were similar to those induced by the concomitant administration of single doses of M-M-R II and VARIVAX at separate injection sites in 2,038 children. Results showed that following a single dose of PROQUAD, the immune response rates were 97.4 percent for measles, 95.8% to 98.8% for mumps, 98.5% for rubella, and 91.2% for chickenpox. The duration of protection from measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox infections after vaccination with PROQUAD is unknown.

Prevnar 13 Pneumococcal Vaccine Description For 2022

Pfizer Inc.'s Prevnar 13 is a sterile suspension of saccharides of the capsular antigens of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, and 23F, individually linked to non-toxic diphtheria CRM197 protein. 

PCV13 (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) protects against 13 of the approximately 90 types of pneumococcal bacteria that can cause the most serious types of pneumococcal disease, including pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia. However, Prevnar 13 does not protect against diseases caused by S. pneumoniae serotypes that are not in the vaccine.

The U.S. FDA issued its approval for Prevnar 13 in 2010. In July 2016, the FDA expanded the age indication to include adults 18 through 49 years of age, in addition to the already approved indication for adults 50 years and older.

Prevnar 13 Pneumococcal Vaccine Indication

Pneumococcal disease refers to any illness caused by pneumococcal bacteria. These bacteria can cause many types of illnesses, including pneumonia, an infection of the lungs.  Pneumococcal bacteria are one of the most common causes of pneumonia, says the U.S. CDC.

Prevnar 13 is a vaccine indicated in children 6 weeks through 17 years (before 18th birthday) for active immunization for the prevention of invasive disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, and 23F. In addition, for children 6 weeks through 5 years of age (before the 6th birthday) to prevent otitis media caused by 7 of the 13 serotypes in the vaccine.

In 2014, the ACIP recommended that older adults receive the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) first, then the PPSV23 at least 1 year later. Since then, widespread childhood vaccination with PCV13 and its predecessor, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, have “led to sharp declines in pneumococcal disease among unvaccinated children and adults,” according to the ACIP’s review of the evidence. 

Based on that review, the ACIP voted to remove the recommendation for routine use of PCV13, followed by PPSV23 in this senior population. “Incidence of PCV13-type disease has been reduced to historically low levels among adults aged ≥65 years through indirect effects from pediatric PCV13 use,” the authors wrote. The PPSV23 vaccine contains 12 serotypes in common with PCV13 and an additional 11 serotypes, for which there are no indirect effects from PCV13 use in children.

Additionally, on February 18, 2022, ACIP voted to remove PCV13 from the list of recommended vaccines for adults. The new recommendation now states that adults ≥65 years and adults 18-64 with certain medical conditions who have not previously received a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or whose previous vaccination history is unknown should receive 1 dose of PCV15 or 1 dose of PCV20. If PCV15 is used, this should be followed by a dose of PPSV23.

Prevnar 13 Pneumococcal Vaccine Dosage

Prevnar 13 is administered as an intramuscular injection only. Visit Pfizer Prevnar 13 for detailed prescribing information.

Prevnar 13 Pneumococcal Vaccine News For 2019 - 2022

July 28, 2022 - Pfizer reported the Prevnar family of vaccines was up 41% operationally in the second quarter of 2022 compared to the second quarter of 2021.

February 21, 2022 - The UK Health Agency published the 2022 complete immunization schedule. This schedule recommends children at 12 weeks receive Prevnar 13.

February 18, 2022 - The U.S. CDC published new immunizations schedules for both Children and Adults.

February 8, 2022 - Pfizer Inc. reported Prevnar / Prevenar 13 & 20 global sales decreased 25% operationally, driven by a 27% decline in the U.S. primarily due to unfavorable timing of government purchases for the pediatric indication and disruptions to healthcare activity related to COVID-19, and a 24% operational decline outside the U.S. primarily due to the impact of increased adult uptake in the prior-year period from greater vaccine awareness for respiratory illnesses.

November 11, 2021 - World Pneumonia Day, November 12, 2021, will address the future of pneumonia prevention.

July 28, 2021 - Pfizer reported financial results. Prevnar 13 was up 34% in the USA, driven by 35% growth in the pediatric indication primarily due to higher levels of healthcare activity and wellness visits compared to the prior-year quarter, which was heavily impacted by COVID-19-related mobility restrictions and limitations, and favorable timing of government purchases, partially offset by a lower year-over-year birth rate, and 24% growth in the adult indication, which was primarily driven by higher levels of healthcare activity compared to the prior-year quarter, partially offset by the impact of a lower remaining eligible unvaccinated population.

March 10, 2021 - Pneumonia vaccine may affect the course of COVID-19. "Kaiser Permanente members who received the PCV13 vaccine appeared to be diagnosed with COVID-19 less often, and when they were, they seemed to have less severe outcomes, overall," said the senior author, Sara Y. Tartof, Ph.D., MPH, a scientist with the Kaiser Permanente Southern California Department of Research & Evaluation. 

November 27, 2019 – Pneumococcal vaccination recommendations have undergone several changes in recent years, confusing those who need to select a preventive vaccine.

October 15, 2019 – A new study has found a bacterial infection that can lead to pneumonia or meningitis is linked to weakened immune systems in children.

September 9, 2019 – Pfizer announced positive preliminary results of a Proof-of-Concept Phase 2 clinical study assessing its 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (20vPnC) candidate, PF-06482077.

Prevnar 13 Pneumococcal Vaccine Clinical Trials

Prevnar 13 has been involved in hundreds of clinical trials.