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Sabin IPV Polio Vaccine

Sabin IPV Vaccine Description 2022

Sabin Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (sIPV) is a liquid trivalent vaccine produced from Sabin poliovirus type 1, 2, and 3 strains grown on Vero cells. The sIPV, the Poliomyelitis Vaccine (Vero Cell), inactivated, Sabin strains, was prequalified by the World Health Organization in June 2022. The sIPV is available for United Nations agencies to purchase to support the global polio endgame strategy.

Sinovac Biotech Ltd. (SINOVAC) is a China-based biopharmaceutical company (NASDAQ: SVA) that focuses on the R&D, manufacturing, and commercialization of vaccines that protect against human infectious diseases.

Sabin IPV Vaccine Indication

The Sabin IPV vaccine is indicated to prevent the Wild Polio Virus in the hope of completely eradicating the disease.

Sabin IPV Vaccine Dosage

The vaccine is administered as three intramuscular injections of (0.5ml) on Day 0, Day 30, and Day 60, respectively, and a single intramuscular injection of vaccine (0.5 ml) at 18 months.

Sabin IPV Vaccine News

December 29, 2022 - Sinovac Biotech Ltd. sales of non-pandemic vaccines increased 37% from $128 million to $ 176 million on broad-based growth.

June 2, 2022 - SINOVAC Biotech Ltd. announced that it received WHO prequalification for its Poliomyelitis Vaccine.

May 13, 2022 - A polio vaccination campaign is scheduled to run over three days using the bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) throughout Bethlehem and Jerusalem.

July 19, 2021 - SINOVAC Biotech Ltd. announced it received a drug registration approval from the National Medical Product Administration of China for its Sabin strain-based inactivated polio vaccine (Vero cells) ("sIPV") on July 12, 2021. The vaccine is expected to be available on the market by the end of 2021. SINOVAC also submitted an application for prequalification to the WHO in early 2020, and the WHO conducted its on-site inspection in February 2021.

April 15, 2021 - The Lancet published - Immunogenicity of two-dose and three-dose vaccination schedules with Sabin inactivated poliovirus vaccine in China: An open-label, randomized, controlled trial. This study offers evidence that two doses of sIPV administered at 4 and 8–11 months of age and three doses of sIPV administered at 2, 3, and 4 months of age both provide serological protection against poliomyelitis. 

February 19, 2021 - The twenty-seventh WHO meeting of the Emergency Committee under the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR) on the international spread of poliovirus was convened by the WHO Director-General on 1 February 2021 with committee members and advisers attending via video conference, supported by the WHO Secretariat.  The Emergency Committee reviewed the data on wild poliovirus (WPV1) and circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV).

January 7, 2021 - South Korean-based biotechnology company announced that its Sabin-Inactivated Polio Vaccine (Sabin-IPV) Eupolio™ is the first to receive the World Health Organization prequalification be supplied globally.

September 1, 2019 - The sIPV is non-inferior compared with IPV. Both demonstrate a good safety profile.

April 8, 2019 - The results of this study were published in The Journal for Infectious Diseases. This analysis revealed that the studied sIPV demonstrated an immunogenicity profile non-inferior to that of the conventional IPV and a good safety profile.

Sabin IPV Vaccine Clinical Trials

The Sabin IPV Vaccine has been tested in over 38 clinical trials over the years.

 

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Generic: 
Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine
Drug Class: 
Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Saturday, December 31, 2022 - 07:00
Brand: 
IPOL, Eupolio, Sinovac's sIPV
Abbreviation: 
IPV
Status: 
Rate Vaccine: 
QBsOtSMk

TAK-426 Zika Vaccine

TAK-426 Zika Vaccine

Takeda's TAK-426 (PIZV) is a purified, inactivated, alum-adjuvanted, whole Zika virus vaccine candidate. The absence of specific treatment makes a prophylactic Zika virus vaccine an unmet medical need, according to a recent study published by The Lancet. The vaccine was tested in a phase 1 study called PIZV or TAK-426 adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide. TAK-426 was found well tolerated, with an acceptable safety profile, and was immunogenic in both flavivirus-naive and flavivirus-primed adults.

The peer-reviewed Journal of Infectious Diseases reported on December 9, 2022, on the two-year persistence of immune response to TAK-426 compared with that observed after natural infection. TAK-426 at 10-μg had an acceptable safety profile in FV-naive and FV-primed adults up to 24 months after dose 2. Seropositivity for neutralizing antibodies was 100% at one year and 93.8% and 76.2% at two years in FV-naive and FV-primed groups, respectively. TAK-426 responses were comparable in magnitude and kinetics with those elicited by natural Zika virus infection. These phase 1 study results support the further clinical development of TAK-426 for both FV-naive and FV-primed populations.

In February 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the Zika outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. On January 29, 2018, Takeda's Zika Vaccine candidate received U.S. FDA Fast Track Designation. On July 27, 2023, Takeda confirmed to support the expansion of our pipeline and the development of our programs, we have entered into partnerships with government organizations in Japan and the U.S. and leading global institutions.

Osaka, Japan-based Takeda is a patient-focused, values-based, R&D-driven global biopharmaceutical company committed to bringing Better Health and a Brighter Future to people worldwide. 

TAK-426 Vaccine Indication

The TAK-426 vaccine candidate prevents the Zika virus, which is caused by a virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. The Zika virus was first reported in continental South America in Brazil in May 2015. Zika virus is a flavivirus associated with congenital malformations and neurological complications. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), symptoms of Zika may include mild fever, skin rash, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, malaise, or headache.

TAK-426 Vaccine Dosage

In a phase 1 study, TAK-426 was administered by intramuscular injection into the middle third of the deltoid muscle, preferably in the non-dominant arm on Days 1 (Visit 1) and 29 (Visit 4). Three different vaccine doses containing different protein concentrations (2, 5, or 10 micrograms [mcg]) will be given as a two-dose schedule to flavivirus-naive and primed healthy adults. Based on a recent study, the 10 μg TAK-426 dose was selected for further clinical development.

TAK-426 Vaccine News

December 8, 2022 - Researchers wrote: In conclusion, we confirm that PIZV has an acceptable safety profile in healthy adults aged 18–49 years, with no vaccine-related SAEs through 2 years after vaccination. Two vaccinations elicited immune responses that persisted at high titers (GMTs >100) comparable to those observed in convalescent ZIKV-infected patients up to 2 years after vaccination in FV-naive and FV-primed adults. These safety and immunogenicity profiles of the high dose (10-µg) PIZV confirm its suitability for further clinical development.

November 19, 2021 - The company presented: Measurement Of Zika Virus-Specific Antibodies Using A Microsphere-Based Competitive Immunoassay. 'Collectively, our data suggest that the assay can differentiate ZIKV-specific antibodies from antibodies to other FVs elicited by natural infection or vaccination. Availability of a ZIKV-specific antibody-based immunoassay will improve differential diagnosis, serosurveillance, and support development and implementation of ZIKV vaccines in FV endemic regions.'

May 18, 2021 - Study Interpretation: TAK-426 was well tolerated,hadh an acceptable safety profile, and was immunogenic in both flavivirus-naive and flavivirus-primed adults. Based on the safety and immunogenicity profiles of all TAK-426 doses assessed, the 10 μg TAK-426 dose was selected for further clinical development. Study Funding: Takeda Vaccines and the US Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority.

August 26, 2019 – A recent Zika study focused on eliminating the mosquito and sexual transmission of the Zika virus with a preventive vaccine.

January 29, 2018 - Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited announced that the U.S. FDA had granted Fast Track designation to TAK-426, Takeda's purified, inactivated, alum-adjuvanted, whole Zika virus vaccine candidate.

September 2, 2016 - Takeda announced that BARDA, the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, has selected Takeda's Vaccine Business Unit to develop a vaccine to support the Zika response in the US and affected regions worldwide. Initial funding from BARDA, which is a division of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response within the US Department of Health and Human Services, is for $19.8 million to cover the vaccine development through Phase 1, with potential funding of up to $312 million if all options to take the vaccine through Phase 3 trials and filing of the Biologics License Application in the USA. 

TAK-426 Clinical Trials

The Journal of Infectious Diseases reported that a randomized, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-selection, phase 1 trial was conducted in 18–49-year-old adults at nine centers (7 in the United States and 2 in Puerto Rico) from 13 November 2017 to 24 November 2020. The primary objectives were safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of 3 increasing doses of TAK-426 administered as two doses 28 days apart to flavivirus (FV)–naive and FV-primed adults. Here, we report on the safety and persistence of immunity up to 2 years after primary vaccination with 10-μg TAK-426, the highest dose, and compare neutralizing antibody responses with those observed after natural infection. Results: TAK-426 at 10-μg had an acceptable safety profile in FV-naive and FV-primed adults up to 24 months after dose 2. Seropositivity for neutralizing antibodies was 100% at one year and 93.8% and 76.2% at two years in FV-naive and FV-primed groups, respectively. TAK-426 responses were comparable in magnitude and kinetics with those elicited by natural Zika virus infection.

On September 21, 2021, The Lancet reported the findings of this clinical trial. Between Nov 13, 2017, and Oct 24, 2018, 894 volunteers were screened, and 271 enrolled (125 flavivirus-naive and 146 flavivirus-primed participants). All TAK-426 doses were well tolerated with no deaths, no vaccine-related serious adverse events, and similar rates of mainly mild to moderate adverse events. Interpretation: The researchers concluded that TAK-426 was well tolerated,hadh an acceptable safety profile, and was immunogenic in both flavivirus-naive and flavivirus-primed adults. Based on these results, TAK-426 will continue to be tested in clinical settings.

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Availability: 
U.S. - pending
Generic: 
TAK-426
Drug Class: 
Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Thursday, January 4, 2024 - 05:50
Abbreviation: 
PIZV
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 

TY014 Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody

TY014  Anti-Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody

TY014 will be the first therapeutic in the world explicitly targeting Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) to enter clinical trials. It is anticipated that a monoclonal antibody therapeutic could be administered to infected cases to reduce disease severity within the patient and their contacts. TY014 is a fully engineered human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against the yellow fever virus manufactured with ovary cells. It targets a conserved epitope on the yellow fever virus envelope (E) protein. 

TY014  Anti-Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody Indication

TY014 is indicated as a postinfection intravenously therapy for yellow fever virus infection.

TY014  Anti-Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody News

July 30, 2020 - Phase 1 Trial of a Therapeutic Anti–Yellow Fever Virus Human Antibody. This phase 1 trial of TY014 did not identify worrisome safety signals and suggested potential clinical benefit, which requires further assessment in a phase 2 trial. 

November 18, 2019 - "Our successful trials pave the way for a potential first-in-class treatment for Yellow Fever. This rapid development following the similar achievement for Zika affirms the exciting collaboration between Tychan and WuXi Biologics to enable a new paradigm to expedite biologics development initiatives to address emerging infectious disease outbreaks and eventually potentially expand to other therapeutics," said Teo Ming Kian, Chairman of the Board, Tychan.

TY014  Anti-Yellow Fever Monoclonal Antibody Clinical Trials

Clinical Trial NCT03776786: Phase 1 Safety and Tolerability of an Antibody Against Yellow Fever Virus (TY014) in Humans

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Generic: 
Anti-yellow fever antibody
Drug Class: 
Antibody
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - 02:30
Brand: 
TY014
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 

QDENGA Dengue Vaccine

QDENGA® (TAK-003) Dengue Vaccine Clinical Trials, Dosage, Indication, Side Effects

Takeda GmbH's QDENGA® (TAK-003) (Dengue Tetravalent Vaccine [Live, Attenuated]) is an approved two-dose vaccine preventing Dengue fever and/or Severe Dengue caused by any of the four serotypes of the Dengue virus. QDENGA is based on Dengue serotype 2, which provides the genetic backbone for all four Dengue virus serotypes. The active substance of QDENGA (ATC code: J07BX04) contains live attenuated Dengue viruses, which replicate locally and elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against Dengue serotypes.

Takeda's clinical development program for QDENGA consists of Phase 3, Phase 2, and Phase 1 studies. Data from children and adolescents showed that QDENGA induced immune responses against all four Dengue serotypes in both seropositive and seronegative participants. In addition, QDENGA was generally safe and well-tolerated. In a Phase 2 study published on October 17, 2024, TAK-003 elicited durable T cell responses against all four DENV serotypes, regardless of baseline serostatus, in individuals aged 4–16 years residing in dengue-endemic countries. Furthermore, TAK-003-elicited CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were multifunctional and persisted for up to 3 years post-vaccination.

On December 8, 2022, QDENGA became the first Dengue vaccine approved in Europe for use regardless of previous exposure and without the need for pre-vaccination testing. Europe's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use adopted a positive opinion on October 13, 2022, recommending that Takeda GmbH be granted marketing authorization for QDENGA EMEA/H/C/005155. In 2023, Brazil was the first country to integrate QDENGA into its public health system. The World Health Organization (WHO) added QDENGA® (TAK-003) to its List of Prequalified Vaccines, effective May 9, 2024. On May 3, 2024, the WHO published a paper on Dengue vaccines, including final guidance on the use of QDENGA in public vaccination programs based on the SAGE recommendation. The WHO-SAGE recommends that TAK-003 be considered for public programs in high-transmission areas for individuals aged 6-16. 

On November 3, 2025, Takeda announced data, including an exploratory analysis of a booster dose, confirming the favorable benefit-risk profile of QDENGA and that the two-dose regimen provides sustained protection against Dengue over 7 years. As of November 2025, QDENGA is authorized in the United Kingdom and 41 other countries.

Derek Wallace, President, Global Vaccine Business Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, informed Vax-Before-Travel on November 6, 2025, "Dengue is spreading to areas once considered low-risk, with year-round peak seasons in many regions. These long-term data show that QDENGA's two-dose schedule provides sustained protection without a booster, simplifying vaccination efforts and improving our ability to combat Dengue globally."

Published by Nature's npj Vaccines on February 2, 2026, this review provides an overview of the rationale for some key decisions made during TAK-003 development.

Osaka-based Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (TSE: 4502, NYSE: TAK) is a global, values-based, R&D-driven biopharmaceutical leader headquartered in Japan, committed to discovering and delivering life-transforming treatments, guided by our commitment to patients, our people, and the planet in approximately 80 countries and regions. For more information about QDENGA (TAK-003), visit www.TakedaVaccines.com. QDENGA - Trademark Details: 2019-06-04.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Vaccine Availability 2026

The WHO recommends that countries consider introducing TAK-003 into their routine immunization programs in areas with high Dengue transmission intensity, where it poses a significant public health problem. Since 2022, QDENGA has been authorized in 41 countries, and 18.6 million doses have been distributed in 11 endemic countries including Indonesia (approved Aug 2022, available April 2023), Brazil (approved Mar 2023, available June 2023, Thailand (approved May 2023, available Aug 2023), Argentina (approved Apr 2023, available Oct 2023), Malaysia (approved Feb 2024, available June 2024), Colombia (approved Sept 2023, available July 2024), Germany (approved Dec 2022, available Feb 2023), Finland (approved Dec 2022, available Feb 2023), Sweden (approved Dec 2022, available Feb 2023), Norway (approved Dec 2022, available Feb 2023), Denmark (approved Dec 2022, available Mar 2023), The Netherlands (approved Dec 2022, available Mar 2023), Luxembourg (approved Dec 2022, available March 2023), Czech Republic (approved Dec 2022, available April 2023), Austria (approved Dec 2022, available April 2023), Belgium (approved Dec 2022, available April 2023), Ireland (approved Dec 2022, available April 2023), Portugal (approved Dec 2022, available May 2023), Spain (approved Dec 2022, available May 2023), U.K. (approved Jan 2023, available 2024), Slovakia (approved Dec 2022, available Aug 2023), Italy (approved Dec 2022, available Oct 2023), Poland (approved Dec 2022, available Dec 2023), Israel (approved May 2024, available July 2024), Switzerland (approved Aug. 2024), Malasyia, Thailand, and Vietnam. As of 2025, availability in the Philippines and India was pending. On February 3, 2026, Paraguay announced the expansion of its Qdenga vaccination program.

Qdenga (TAK-003) Vaccine Efficacy

A Takeda-funded study based in Thailand concluded on June 17, 2025, that the pragmatic introduction of TAK-003 into the immunization program would prevent 44% of cases and 53% of hospitalizations, resulting in $1.346 billion in savings over 20 years.

On October 17, 2024, the journal NPJ Vaccines published results from a study that concluded that TAK-003 was well tolerated and elicited durable T cell responses against all four Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes, irrespective of baseline serostatus, in children and adolescents aged 4–16 years living in dengue-endemic countries. TAK-003-elicited CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were multifunctional and persisted for up to 3 years post-vaccination.

An exploratory analysis published on September 11, 2024 (December 2, 2024) demonstrated a vaccine efficacy (VE) of 82.1% for the onset of protection with TAK-003 in the safety population, measured over the three months between the first and second doses. The journal Vaccine published a Short Communication on September 7, 2024, reporting that QDENGA's vaccine efficacy (VE) against disease was 82.1% up to 3 months after the first dose. On October 2, 2023, the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) confirmed that QDENGA demonstrated efficacy against all four serotypes of the virus in baseline seropositive children (4-16 years old) in endemic countries, as well as against serotypes 1 and 2 in baseline seronegative children. The SAGE recommended that the Vaccine be considered for introduction to children aged 6 to 16 years in settings with high Dengue disease burden and high transmission intensity. Long-term efficacy results announced on June 9, 2022, supplemented previously published TIDES clinical study data, demonstrating QDENGA met its primary endpoint of overall VE against VCD, with 80.2% efficacy at 12-month follow-up, as well as all secondary endpoints for which there were a sufficient number of Dengue cases at 18-month follow-up, including 90.4% VE against hospitalized Dengue. On May 20, 2021, an audio review of the Three-Year Efficacy of Takeda's Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Candidate was published.

Qdenga (TAK-003) Time to Onset of Vaccine Efficacy

A study published in Vaccine on September 7, 2024, in the DEN-301 clinical trial estimated the Vaccine's efficacy onset to be approximately 2 weeks. Results from a study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases on March 18, 2025, found that TAK-003 had a modest impact on asymptomatic Dengue infections in the first months post-vaccination, particularly among baseline seropositive participants. 

QDENGA and U.S. FDA

Takeda announced on July 11, 2023, that the Company voluntarily withdrew the U.S. Biologics License Application (BLA) for TAK-003 following discussions with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regarding data-collection aspects that could not be addressed within the current BLA review cycle. The plan for TAK-003 in the U.S. will be further evaluated, given the need for travelers and those living in dengue-endemic areas, such as Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Florida. On November 22, 2022, Takeda announced that the FDA had accepted and granted priority review of the Biologics License Application (BLA) for QDENGA to prevent Dengue disease caused by any Dengue virus serotype in individuals aged four years through 60 years.

QDENGA and U.S. CDC

During the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIPmeeting on October 26, 2023, Dr. Gabriela Paz-Bailey (CDC/NCEZID) led a QDENGA update. Wilbur Chen, MD, presented Updates on Dengue Vaccines. On June 22, 2023, I reviewed the following presentations: ACIP Dengue Vaccines Work Group introduction,   Wilbur Chen, MD, MSc; Economic analysis and health impacts of routine vaccination with TAK-003 Dengue vaccine in San Juan, Puerto Rico; Summary of two economic models for Dengue vaccine TAK-003 use in Puerto Rico; Partial Evidence to Recommendations Framework for Dengue Vaccine TAK-003, presented by Joshua Wong, MD. On February 23, 2023, the ACIP met to discuss the following presentations: Introduction, Dr. W Chen; Takeda Dengue vaccine (TAK-003) safety and efficacy, Dr. Shibidas Biswal; Workgroup considerations, Dr. Gabriela Paz-Bailey. Previously, Laura Adams, DVM, MPH, DACVPM, led the U.S. CDC's Dengue Epidemiology vaccine overview on October 20, 2022, during the CDC/ACIP Dengue Vaccine Workgroup presentation.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Indication

Dengue is now detected in 129 countries and set a record for cases in 2024. As more travelers return to the U.S. with Dengue virus infections, the risk of local mosquito-borne transmission increases. In European Union Member States, QDENGA is indicated for the prevention of Dengue disease in individuals aged 4 years and above. It prevents Dengue, which is caused by the four Dengue serotypes. On May 15, 2024, the WHO confirmed that Qdenga is approved for use in children aged 6–16 in settings with a high Dengue burden and transmission intensity. The WHO says TAK-003 does not prevent all cases of Dengue.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Dosage

Under the approved dosing regimen, QDENGA should be administered subcutaneously in a two-dose schedule (0 and 3 months) at 0.5 mL per dose. The WHO SAGE recommends administering QDENGA in a 2-dose schedule with a 3-month interval between doses. QDENGA should be administered preferably in the upper arm in the deltoid region. QDENGA must not be injected intravascularly, intradermally, or intramuscularly. In Europe, the EMA approved after reconstitution, one dose (0.5 mL) contains Dengue virus serotype 1 (live, attenuated)*: ≥ 3.3 log10 PFU/dose Dengue virus serotype 2 (live, attenuated): ≥ 2.7 log10 PFU/dose Dengue virus serotype 3 (live, attenuated): ≥ 4.0 log10 PFU/dose Dengue virus serotype 4 (live, attenuated): ≥ 4.5 log10 PFU/dose.

On September 2, 2024, Vaccine published an analysis concluding that a single dose of TAK-003 was as effective as two doses.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Coadministraion

Co-administration with a hepatitis A vaccine has been studied without increased side effects or impaired antibody response. When co-administered with the yellow fever vaccine, a lower level of neutralizing antibodies against DENV1 was seen, the clinical significance of which is unclear

QDENGA Co-Administration With HPV9 Vaccine

According to a recent phase 3 clinical study published in the journal Vaccines (Volume 62, August 30, 2025, 127558), dengue-endemic countries, such as the Kingdom of Thailand, have already initiated national Human Papillomavirus (HPV) school-based vaccination programs. Researchers wrote on July 30, 2025, 'Due to the overlapping age range targeted by many vaccines, including 9vHPV (Merck GARDASIL 9®) and TAK-003 (Takeda's QDENGA®), integration of Dengue vaccination into existing vaccination programs could be a beneficial approach to increase vaccine coverage and reduce operational costs.'

QDENGA (TAK-003) Side Effects

A Phase 4 study published by ScienceDirect (Volume 42, Issue 26) on October 4, 2024, identified anaphylaxis as a safety signal for TAK-003 vaccines in adolescents. Most cases of anaphylaxis occurred 15 minutes after vaccination. In response, Brazil's Ministry of Health published recommendations to intensify efforts to ensure safe vaccination, including training for healthcare professionals and post-vaccination observation.

The ongoing Phase 3 study of TAK-003 showed that the rates of serious adverse events were 2.9% in the TAK-003 group and 3.5% in the placebo group during the long-term follow-up (i.e., the second half of the three-year follow-up period). Still, none of the cases were related to the study drug. The European Medicines Agency states that there is no clear evidence of an increased risk of severe Dengue disease in individuals who have been previously infected with the disease.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Adverse Reactions

The most frequently reported adverse reactions post TAK-003 vaccination in subjects 4 to 60 years of age were injection site pain (50%), headache (35%), myalgia (31%), injection site erythema (27%), malaise (24%), asthenia (20%), and fever (11%). Very common (≥1/10 of subjects): upper respiratory tract infection, decreased appetite, irritability, headache, drowsiness, myalgia, injection site pain, injection site erythema, malaise, asthenia, and fever.

In February 2025, a study reported that Vaccine-related reactions were frequently reported, predominantly after the first dose in dengue-naïve participants.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Contraindications

Contraindications include hypersensitivity to the listed active substances or excipients, as well as a history of hypersensitivity to QDENGA. Individuals with congenital or acquired immune deficiency, including immunosuppressive therapies such as chemotherapy or high doses of systemic corticosteroids (e.g., 20 mg/day or 2 mg/kg body weight/day of prednisone for two weeks or more) within four weeks before vaccination. Individuals with symptomatic HIV infection or asymptomatic HIV infection, with impaired immune function, and pregnant and breastfeeding women.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Vaccination of Pregnant Women

A post-hoc analysis published on March 18, 2025, found no evidence of increased adverse pregnancy outcomes following unintentional TAK-003 vaccination within the exposure window, compared with placebo.

QDENGA Format

Qdenga is available as a powder and as an injection solution. 

QDENGA (TAK-003) Vaccination Breakthrough Case

The immune response to Dengue infection is complex and multifaceted, and the infection can progress to severe disease with limited clinical signs. This study, published in October 2024, examined a case involving a child who developed Dengue symptoms after receiving the Qdenga vaccination. Despite initial negative diagnostic results, molecular analysis confirmed DENV4 infection.

QDENGA (TAK-003) Price

Takeda indicated in a March 16, 2023, presentation that the price of QDENGA in Indonesia would be USD 40 per dose, with an ex-factory price of USD 26. For the travel market segment, vaccine pricing will be similar to that of other innovative travel vaccines in their respective countries. For example, the retail price in Germany would be USD 115 per dose. In Brazil, reports indicate QDENGA's price is about $171.

Qdenga (TAK-003) Vaccine Revenues

QDENGA Q4 FY2024 (April 2024-March 2025) Revenue was JPY 35.6B (+259%), QDENGA's FY2024 H1 Revenue was JPY 19.9B (+863% growth); FY2024 Q1 Revenue was JPY 9.5B (+1,099% growth). 

QDENGA Vaccine Production

Biological E. Limited is committed to manufacturing up to 50 million QDENGA vaccine doses annually, accelerating Takeda's ability to deliver 100 million doses annually by 2030. 

QDENGA Vaccine News

November 3, 2025 - "QDENGA is the most comprehensively studiedDenguee vaccine, with more than 60,000 participants globally in the clinical program, and these long-term data highlight the durability of its safety and efficacy profile, across diverse populations worldwide," said Derek Wallace, M.D., president of the Global Vaccine Business Unit at Takeda.

August 25, 2025 - A study reported: We find some evidence of a risk of vaccine-induced disease enhancement in seronegative vaccine recipients for Dengue serotypes 3 and 4, especially for children under 6 years of age. Because of this, the benefits of vaccination in lower-transmission settings are less specific, and more data on the long-term efficacy of Qdenga against serotypes 3 and 4 are needed.

June 9, 2025 - Thailand's Public Health Minister Somsak Thepsuthin unveiled a new national strategy during the 2025 ASEAN Dengue Day event, which includes deploying QDENGA vaccinations in 2025.

February 18, 2025 - The Philippine Medical Association requested access to new-generation Dengue vaccines.

September 7, 2024: The journal Vaccine published a Short communication titled "Early onset of protection of the TAK-003 Dengue vaccine: Data from the DEN-301 clinical trial." The Estimated time to the onset of Qdenga vaccine efficacy was approximately two weeks.

May 10, 2024 - The World Health Organization prequalified Takeda's QDENGA vaccine. "The prequalification of TAK-003 is an important step in the expansion of global access to Dengue vaccines, as it is now eligible for procurement by UN agencies, including UNICEF and PAHO," said Dr Rogerio Gaspar, WHO Director for Regulation and Prequalification.

May 9, 2024 - Takeda announced financial results for fiscal year 2023 (period ended March 31, 2024).

October 3, 2023 – Takeda announced that the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization issued recommendations for the use of QDENGA.

July 11, 2023 - "Our clinical program was designed to account for the complex global nature of Dengue, and data from our 4.5-year trial has built confidence in TAK-003's ability to help provide long-term protection against Dengue, with a positive benefit and risk profile regardless of baseline serostatus," said Gary Dubin, M.D., president of Takeda's Vaccines Business Unit.

June 22, 2023 - The U.S. CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices reviewed various Dengue vaccine presentations.

May 23, 2023 - Filomeno Fortes, Director of Portugal's Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, confirmed the authorization of the Qdenga vaccine.

May 11, 2023 - Takeda announced its collaboration with Brazil's National Health Surveillance Agency. In March 2023, QDENGA received the first approval in Latin America.

March 13, 2023 - José Manuel Caamaño, president of Takeda in Brazil, stated in a press release, "We are proud to make our vaccine available to the Brazilian government and health care providers with the hope that it may become an important tool to help combat Dengue as part of an integrated Dengue management program along with vector control."

February 6, 2023 - Takeda UK Ltd. announced that the U.K.'s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency had granted marketing authorization for Qdenga. 

October 20, 2022: The U.S. CDC vaccine committee presented Dengue Epidemiology: Globally and in the U.S., including ACIP Dengue vaccine recommendations.

October 14, 2022 - The EMA's human medicines committee recommended granting marketing authorization for the QDENGA Dengue Tetravalent Vaccine (Live, Attenuated) to prevent Dengue virus serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 in individuals aged four years and above.

August 22, 2022: Gary Dubin, president of Takeda's Vaccine Business Unit, announced, "We're proud to introduce QDENGA as a new Dengue prevention tool to the people of Indonesia. We will continue to work with additional regulatory agencies to make QDENGA available globally."

March 17, 2020 - The Lancet published the 'Safety and immunogenicity of a tetravalent Dengue vaccine in children aged 2–17.

November 6, 2019: Takeda's Dengue Vaccine Candidate Demonstrates Protection in Children Aged Four to 16, Regardless of Previous Dengue Exposure. 

November 5, 2019 – Takeda Pharmaceutical Company announced plans for a new manufacturing plant in Singen, Germany, for TAK-003. 

January 29, 2019 - Takeda announced that TAK-003, which is in a pivotal Phase 3 trial, met the primary efficacy endpoint.

September 7, 2016 - Takeda Initiated the Global Phase 3 Clinical Trial (TIDES) of the Dengue Vaccine Candidate (TAK-003).

QDENGA TAK-003 Clinical Trials

The approval of QDENGA is based on results from 19 Phase 1, 2, and 3 trials involving more than 28,000 children and adults, including 4.5 years of follow-up data from the global, pivotal Phase 3 Tetravalent Immunization against Dengue Efficacy Study (TIDES) trial. The study was designed in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) for a second-generation Dengue vaccine. A study published in the journal Vaccine on August 22, 2023, reported an efficacy of approximately 80.2% (95% CI, 73.3–85.3) against any serotype in the primary analysis. QDENGA's effectiveness declined over time, with 62% (95% CI, 56.6–66.7) efficacy at 3 years and 61.2% (95% CI, 56.0–65.8) at 4.5 years.

As of June 9, 2022, through four and a half years, TAK-003 demonstrated 84.1% vaccine efficacy (VE) (95% CI: 77.8, 88.6) against hospitalized Dengue, with 85.9% VE (78.7, 90.7) in seropositive individuals and 79.3% VE (63.5, 88.2) in seronegative individuals. TAK-003 also demonstrated an overall vaccine efficacy (VE) of 61.2% (95% CI: 56.0-65.8) against virologically confirmed Dengue (VCD), with 64.2% VE (58.4-69.2) in seropositive individuals and 53.5% VE (41.6-62.9) in seronegative individuals. Observations of VE varied by serotype and remained consistent with previously reported results. TAK-003 was generally well tolerated, and no critical safety risks were identified. No evidence of disease enhancement was observed during the 54-month exploratory follow-up analysis.

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Availability: 
WHO Prequalified - Indonesia, Europe, UK, Brazil, Thailand, Argentina, Switzerland
Generic: 
TAK-003
Clinical Trial: 
https://www.takedavaccines.com/siteassets/vaccines/tak-003-clinical-development-program-infographic_final.pdf
Drug Class: 
Live-attenuated tetravalent vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Saturday, February 7, 2026 - 06:20
Brand: 
Qdenga
Abbreviation: 
TDV
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
FDA First In Class: 
Yes
Rate Vaccine: 
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VGX-3100 HPV Cancer Vaccine

INOVIO VGX-3100 HPV Cancer Vaccine 2023

INOVIO's VGX-3100 is an investigational immunotherapy vaccine that includes DNA plasmids targeting the E6 and E7 proteins of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18. VGX-3100 is HPV-specific immunotherapy developed as a non-surgical treatment for high-grade cervical dysplasia and related underlying persistent HPV infection. VGX-3100 works in vivo to activate functional, antigen-specific CD-8 T-cells to clear persistent HPV 16/18 infection and cause regression of precancerous cervical dysplasia. 

The Company announced on May 10, 2022, based on feedback from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), INOVIO has changed its development plans for VGX-3100 for HPV-16/18-associated cervical HSIL to a biomarker-selected population. In a recent preliminary letter, the FDA advised INOVIO that the REVEAL2 Phase 3 study would not be sufficient to support approving a potential marketing application for VGX-3100 in that population.

INOVIO's Phase 3 program in cervical HSIL is assessing the efficacy of VGX-3100 to regress cervical HSIL, a direct precursor to cervical cancer, and to eliminate the HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 infection that causes these lesions. The REVEAL studies are prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials evaluating adult women with HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 positive biopsy-proven cervical HSIL. REVEAL1 provided one-year post-endpoint safety data for a minimum of 198 participants randomized, while REVEAL2 will provide efficacy and one-month safety data for a minimum of 198 participants.

On May 11, 2023, the Company announced topline results for REVEAL2, the second Phase 3 trial for VGX-3100 as a treatment for cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; Analysis of clinical characteristics of biomarker population is ongoing; findings to be shared in third quarter 2023; Trial results achieved statistical significance in all-participants population; Trial results did not meet the primary endpoint in biomarker-selected population.

INOVIO's first-of-their-kind DNA medicines are precisely designed DNA plasmids delivered through INOVIO's unique smart device directly into the body's cells to produce an immune response robust enough to potentially treat and prevent disease. Administration with the CELLECTRA device ensures that the DNA medicine is delivered directly into the body's cells, where it can go to work immediately, mounting an immune response. In addition, Inovio's DNA medicines are not interfering with or change in any way an individual's DNA, which is the case with gene therapy or gene editing.

Inovio is an innovative biotechnology company based in Pennsylvania focused on discovering, developing, and commercializing its synthetic nucleic technology targeted against cancers and infectious diseases.

VGX-3100 History

On December 9, 2020, Prakash Bhuyan, M.D., Ph.D., Senior Vice President and Head of HPV Therapeutic Clinical Development at INOVIO, said, "Anal dysplasia is a rare disease that is typically treated via surgical excision, electro-cautery, or laser therapy, with up to 50% of patients experiencing disease recurrence within one year of surgical treatment. We are encouraged by these positive results from our Phase 2 trial and look forward to continuing our work in Phase 3 trials to develop systemic DNA-based immunotherapy that leverages our DNA medicines platform to improve the current standard of care."

On January 6, 2021, Robert Edwards, M.D., Milton Lawrence McCall, Professor and Chair, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, and Principal Coordinating Investigator for the Phase 2 clinical trial, said, "These Phase 2 efficacy results are a very promising non-surgical advance for a recalcitrant disease that normally requires repetitive ablation and excision procedures to achieve disease and risk reduction, and may offer a more safe, tolerable and efficacious treatment option for patients."

VGX-3100 Indication

VGX-3100 is designed to treat precancers and cancers caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV-16/18 causes more than 90% of all anal cancer, now considered one of the most rapidly rising causes of cancer incidence and mortality. According to the American Cancer Society, anal cancer will claim the lives of more than 1,300 people in the U.S., and 8,590 news cases (5,900 in women and 2,690 in men) will be diagnosed in 2020.

VGX-3100 Dosage

VGX-3100 is delivered intramuscularly, followed by electroporation with a CELLECTRA-5PSP delivery device.

VGX-3100 News

May 11, 2023 - The Company ended the first quarter of 2023 with $223.8 million in cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments.

May 10, 2022 - The Company announced changes for VGX-3100 following input from the FDA on the need for additional trials for a marketing application for the treatment of HPV-associated cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.

December 14, 2021 - INOVIO announced updates on the Phase 3 program for VGX-3100 for HPV-associated cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, including a one-year follow-up of efficacy and safety data in participants from REVEAL1, completing enrollment in REVEAL2, and advancing its pre-treatment biomarker candidate for VGX-3100 to be further developed with QIAGEN. In addition, INOVIO's development partner within Greater China, ApolloBio Corp., dosed the first participant in a separate Phase 3 trial in China.

March 2, 2021 - INOVIO announced its phase 3 trial, REVEAL 1 met primary and secondary endpoints. INOVIO expects to present REVEAL 1 findings at a scientific meeting this year.

January 6, 2021 - INOVIO announced positive efficacy results for an open-label Phase 2 trial of VGX-3100 to treat HPV-16 and HPV-18-associated vulvar dysplasia. 

December 9, 2020 - INOVIO announced positive Phase 2 efficacy results demonstrating that DNA medicine VGX-3100, the Company's lead immunotherapy asset, showed resolution of HPV-16/18-associated precancerous anal lesions (HSIL) in 50% (11 of 22) of subjects six months following the start of treatment. The open-label, single-arm trial also showed VGX-3100 to be safe and well-tolerated in treating men and women with HPV-16-/18-associated anal dysplasia. INOVIO plans to pursue a registrational Phase 3 clinical trial for HPV-16-/18-associated anal dysplasia and apply rare and orphan disease designation for this indication in 2021.

March 26, 2020Inovio announced positive interim results from an open-label, Phase 2 study showing its lead DNA medicine candidate VGX-3100 to be safe and effective in treating men and women with anal dysplasia, also known as a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), a precancerous condition caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16/18.

July 8, 2019Inovio announced that it had completed enrollment in its Phase 2 trial with VGX-3100 in patients with precancerous lesions of the vulva or vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). VGX-3100 is an immunotherapy that targets human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 and is being studied to treat HPV-related precancerous lesions and the HPV infection that causes these lesions.

June 26, 2019 - Inovio has announced the completion of the target enrollment of 198 participants for its pivotal Phase 3 REVEAL 1 registration trial of VGX-3100, a novel DNA-based immunotherapy being tested to treat cervical dysplasia caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).

March 20, 2018 - Inovio will immediately receive $23 million in an upfront payment, an additional $20 million in future regulatory milestone payments, and double-digit tiered royalties on future sales. "With this license and collaboration agreement, we are now on the path to introduce late-stage innovative new drugs to meet severely unmet medical needs within the Greater China region," said Dr. Weiping Yang, Chief Executive Officer of ApolloBio. "We are excited at the potential for VGX-3100 to address multiple indications within HPV-associated precancer, and we are very pleased to launch this strategic collaboration with Inovio, an innovative global biotechnology partner."

VGX-3100 Clinical Trials

Clinical Trial NCT03185013: Phase 3 Clinical Trial REVEAL 1 Evaluation of VGX-3100 and Electroporation for the Treatment of Cervical HSIL. REVEAL 1 is designed to provide one-year safety data for at least 198 patients on VGX-3100—the last Update Posted: February 3, 2021.

Clinical Trial NCT03721978: Phase 3 Clinical Trial REVEAL 2 Evaluation of VGX-3100 and Electroporation for the Treatment of Cervical HSIL. A confirmatory Phase 3 trial (REVEAL 2) is currently enrolling and is designed to provide one-month safety data for a minimum of 198 patients. Last Update Posted: December 4, 2020.

Clinical Trial NCT03180684:  Phase 2 Evaluation of VGX-3100 and Electroporation Alone or in Combination With Imiquimod for the Treatment of HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 Related Vulvar HSIL

Clinical Trial  NCT03499795Phase 2 VGX-3100 Delivered Intramuscularly (IM) Followed by Electroporation (EP) for the Treatment of HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 Related Anal or Anal/Peri-Anal, High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL) in Individuals Seronegative for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1/2.

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Availability: 
Pending
Drug Class: 
Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Thursday, May 11, 2023 - 14:20
Brand: 
VGX-3100
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 

Prevnar 20 Pneumococcal Vaccine

PREVNAR 20® Vaccine Clinical Trials, Dosage, News, Side Effects, Usage

Pfizer Inc.'s PREVNAR 20® (20vPnC, APEXXNAR, PF-06482077) is a 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine that protects adults from a substantial invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia burden. PREVNAR 20 includes the 13 serotypes contained in Prevnar 13 (Pneumococcal 13-valent Conjugate Vaccine [Diphtheria CRM197 Protein]) plus seven additional serotypes (8, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, 22F, and 33F). PREVNAR 20 also contains capsular polysaccharide conjugates for seven other serotypes that cause pneumococcal disease and have been associated with high case-fatality rates, antibiotic resistance, and/or meningitis. The 20 serotypes in 20vPnC are responsible for most currently circulating pneumococcal diseases globally.

On June 8, 2021, Pfizer confirmed the U.S. FDA Approved PREVNAR 20 for preventing invasive disease and pneumonia caused by the 20 Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in the vaccine in adults. The FDA previously granted Pfizer's 20vPnC Fast Track Designation in May 2017 and Breakthrough Therapy Designation in August 2020 for the pediatric indication of IPD. In addition, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) issued its Approval for the brand name Apexxnar on February 15, 2022. On April 27, 2023, the FDA approved PREVNAR 20 for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by the 20 Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes contained in the vaccine in infants and children six weeks through 17 years of age and for the prevention of otitis media in infants six weeks through five years of age caused by the original seven serotypes contained in PREVNAR®.

On June 22, 2023, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) unanimously voted to recommend PREVNAR 20 for routine use to help protect infants and children from IPD caused by the 20 Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes covered by the vaccine and for the prevention of otitis media in infants six weeks through five years of age caused by the original seven serotypes contained in PREVNAR.

Pfizer announced on March 13, 2024, that the European Commission (EC) had granted marketing authorization for the company to market the vaccine in the European Union under the brand name PREVENAR 20®. This EC authorization is valid in all 27 EU member states, including Iceland, Lichtenstein, and Norway. It follows the recent positive opinion of the European Medicines Agency's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use.

For more information, please visit New York-based pfizer.com. (NYSE: PFE). On January 30, 2024, Pfizer announced Prevnar 13 & 20 revenues were down 7% operationally, driven primarily by the pediatric indication in emerging markets due to lower demand and unfavorable timing of customer orders.

PREVNAR 20 Indication

The U.S. CDC recommends pneumococcal vaccination for children and adults 65 or older. In addition, older children and other adults should also get pneumococcal vaccines in certain situations. Globally, pneumococcal pneumonia is estimated to cause about 500,000 deaths and 30 million episodes annually in adults 70 and older. The CDC says the 20 serotypes included in 20vPnC are responsible for the most currently circulating pneumococcal disease in the U.S. and globally. In addition, the seven new serotypes included in 20vPnC cause IPD and are associated with high case-fatality rates, antibiotic resistance, and/or meningitis.

PREVNAR 20 Dosage

The 20vPnC (PF-06482077) vaccine is administered as an intramuscular injection.

PREVNAR 20 News

January 15, 2025 - The Pan American Health Organization, the Government of Argentina, Pfizer, and the pharmaceutical company Sinergium Biotech have announced a joint effort to facilitate local production and regional access to the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20).

March 13, 2024 - Alexandre de Germay, Chief International Commercial Officer, Executive Vice President, Pfizer. PREVENAR 20 builds on Pfizer's decades-long commitment to developing vaccines to help prevent potentially life-threatening infections, and we are proud to now provide the broadest serotype coverage of any pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for children in Europe."

January 26, 2024 - Pfizer Inc. announced that the EMA's CHMP adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for its 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine candidate for active immunization to prevent invasive disease, pneumonia, and acute otitis media-caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in infants, children, and adolescents from 6 weeks to less than 18 years of age.

June 22, 2023 - "We are thrilled with today's ACIP decision as it recognizes the increased level of protection that PREVNAR 20 will provide to millions of infants and children against pneumococcal disease," said  Luis Jodar, Ph.D., Chief Medical Affairs Officer, Vaccines/Antivirals and Evidence Generation, Pfizer. This decision represents a significant step in improving public health. It allows pediatricians and other clinicians to offer the broadest serotype pneumococcal conjugate vaccine available to help protect infants and their families from life-threatening infections caused by the 20 serotypes covered by the vaccine".

April 27, 2023 - The U.S. FDA approved PREVNAR 20® for Infants and Children.

July 21, 2022 -  Pfizer Canada ULC announced that the PREVNAR 20 vaccine is now available in Canada. 

Prevnar 20 (Apexxnar) Pneumococcal Vaccine Clinical Trials

Pfizer continues to test Prevnar 20 in various clinical trials.

In 2020, Pfizer initiated the Phase 3 clinical trial program for the pediatric indication of 20vPnC. Four core Phase 3 pediatric studies will help expand the data on the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of 20vPnC. These studies collectively enrolled approximately 4,700 infants and 800 toddlers and children of all ages, including:

A Phase 3 study describing the tolerability and safety and comparing the immunogenicity of 20vPnC to Prevnar 13® in infants vaccinated at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months of age in the U.S. (NCT04382326)

A Phase 3 study described the tolerability and safety of 20vPnC, with Prevnar 13® serving as the control in infants vaccinated at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months of age in multiple countries. (NCT04379713)

A Phase 3 study describing the tolerability and safety and comparing the immunogenicity of 20vPnC to Prevnar 13® in infant vaccination at approximately 2, 4, and 11-12 months of age in Europe and Australia (NCT04546425)

A Phase 3 study in children 15 months through <18 years of age receiving a single dose of 20vPnC in the U.S. (NCT04642079).

0 min read
Availability: 
U.S., Europe
Generic: 
APEXXNAR
Drug Class: 
Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Thursday, January 16, 2025 - 10:35
Brand: 
PREVNAR 20
Abbreviation: 
PF-06482077
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
Kosher: 
Yes
Rate Vaccine: 
FM9wJkUk

Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02)

Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02) 2023

The Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02) is a live, attenuated, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) vector vaccine candidate that expresses the glycoprotein of the Nipah virus (Bangladesh strain) and the Ebola virus glycoprotein, which is required for receptor-mediated viral entry. The rVSV-Nipah vaccine was developed by the Laboratory of Dr. Heinz Feldmann within the Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) part of the U.S. NIH, and has been licensed to Public Health Vaccines by the NIAID.

Public Health Vaccines (PHV) has been developing the rVSV∆G-EBOV GP/NiV G vaccine candidate in partnership with the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness and Innovations (CEPI) under an award of up to US$43.6 million that facilitates development through Phase 2 clinical trials, including supportive non-clinical and manufacturing activities. A Phase 1 clinical study evaluating the rVSV-Nipah Virus Vaccine Candidate PHV02 in Healthy Adult Subjects was last updated on April 20, 2022.

Nipah virus has caused outbreaks in Bangladesh since 2001 and occasionally in neighboring India, Singapore, and the Philippines.

Public Health Vaccines, LLC. (PHV), headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is a privately-held biotechnology company developing products to prevent and control emerging infectious diseases. The company initially focused on creating vaccines against the Marburg virus and Sudan ebolavirus utilizing the rVSV platform in collaboration with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA).

Nipah Virus Overview

Nipah virus is a paramyxovirus whose wildlife reservoir is the fruit bat (genus Pteropus). Characteristics of Nipah virus infection that increase the risk of engendering a global pandemic include the susceptibility of humans and the high rate of mutation, which is inherent in RNA viruses. Together, these characteristics could support the emergence of a human-adapted strain capable of spreading rapidly by infecting communities with high population density and global interconnectedness.

Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02) News 2023

February 17, 2023 - The WHO announced that since 4 January 2023 and as of 13 February 2023, 11 cases (10 confirmed and one probable), including eight deaths (Case Fatality Rate 73%), have been reported across two divisions in Bangladesh.

March 15, 2022 - CEPI is expanding its partnership in Bangladesh, providing near to an additional $1 million in funding to advance understanding of the Nipah virus.

March 14, 2022 - PNAS published a Research Article: A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Nipah virus disease.

February 9, 2022 - Public Health Vaccines, LLC  announced the start of its Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the company’s single-dose vaccine (PHV02) against the Nipah virus.

November 5, 2021 - CEPI published an article: Nipah virus: The deadly illness without a vaccine.

April 23, 2021 - GAVI, the vaccine alliance, examined the possibility of the Nipah virus causing another pandemic someday. The primary concern is that the Nipah virus is deadly, with up to a 75% mortality rate.

January 2021 - This study provides molecular and methodological information for the early detection of NiV in environmental samples to assess its epidemic potential in humans. It will also help in understanding the ecology of NiV. And the study revealed that the strains of NiV have been continuously evolving, and the NiV-BD genotype diverged from its ancestral during 1995 and formed two sublineages, NiV-BD 1 and 2. Furthermore, the occurrence of any particular sublineage of NiV strains was not limited to a specific outbreak region.

Nipah Virus Vaccine (PHV02) Clinical Trials

The Phase 1 clinical trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center, dose-response study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of three dose levels of PHV02 in 60 healthy adults in the U.S. Assuming favorable results, PHV plans to initiate a Phase 2 trial in 2022 in a disease-endemic region.

0 min read
Availability: 
n/a
Generic: 
PHV02
Drug Class: 
Live, attenuated vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Tuesday, February 21, 2023 - 08:35
Abbreviation: 
rVSV∆G-EBOV GP/NiV G
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 

Flucelvax Influenza Vaccine

Flucelvax® Influenza Vaccine Clinical Trials, Efficacy, Indication, Side Effects

CSL Seqirus Flucelvax® is a cell culture-based influenza vaccine that protects people against various virus strains, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Flucelvax is the first and only trivalent cell-based influenza vaccine indicated for use in individuals six months and older who do not have the B/Yamagata influenza virus strain. Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2012 and 2016, Flucelvax is indicated (STN: BL 125408, BL 125408/586) for everyone six months and older eligible to receive an influenza vaccine for active immunization for the prevention of influenza disease caused by influenza virus subtypes A and types B contained in the vaccine.

Flucelvax is the first FDA-approved flu vaccine to use cells instead of chicken eggs. It represents the first significant advance in flu vaccine manufacturing technology since flu vaccine production began in the 1930s. This modern manufacturing process enables the flu shot to be antibiotic-free, helps protect against the four identified flu strains for the 2020-2021 season, and is well-tolerated. Moreover, cell-based flu vaccine production does not use flu viruses grown in eggs and is not dependent on the availability of eggs. Additionally, cell-based flu vaccines that utilize cell-based candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) can provide better protection than traditional, egg-based flu vaccines.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed in 2023 that viruses used to make cell-based vaccines may be more similar to circulating "wild" flu viruses than those used to make egg-based vaccines. Cell-based influenza vaccine technology may offer advantages over the standard influenza manufacturing process, including greater scalability and faster production during an influenza pandemic. On June 21, 2023, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) presented considerations and proposed recommendations for the 2023-2024 flu season in the U.S. On February 22, 2023, the CDC's ACIP agenda highlighted preliminary data on the effectiveness of cell-based influenza vaccines (i.e., Flucelvax) during the 2022-23 flu season.

On July 10, 2025, CSL Seqirus announced that the Company had commenced shipping its differentiated portfolio of influenza vaccines for the 2025/26 U.S. season. 

In the United Kingdom and European Union, Flucelvax is marketed as FLUCELVAX® TETRA.

CSL Seqirus reported on February 12, 2024, a half-year revenue of $ 1.804 billion, which was up 2% over the same period last year. In the U.S., CSL Seqirus operates a state-of-the-art cell-based manufacturing facility in Holly Springs, NC, purpose-built in partnership with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) to increase cell-based vaccine manufacturing capacity and combat pandemic influenza threats. On August 15, 2023, the Company announced that significant progress had been made on constructing the new cell-culture influenza vaccine facility in Melbourne, which is expected to be operational by 2026. Seqirus is part of CSL Limited (ASX: CSL), headquartered in Melbourne, Australia. The CSL Group employs over 20,000 people in more than 60 countries.

Flucelvax Vaccine Effectiveness 

Additionally, data presented by the Marshfield Clinic Research Institute on February 22, 2023, demonstrated that cell-based influenza vaccines, such as FluecelVax, provided 71% effectiveness in children between 6 months and 18 years old and 54% effectiveness among adults aged 18 years and older.

Flucelvax Vaccine Indication

A six-month or longer age indication for FLUCELVAX is approved in the U.S., Argentina, Canada, Taiwan, Australia & New Zealand to prevent disease caused by influenza A and type B viruses in the vaccine. For additional information on Seqirus influenza vaccines for the upcoming flu season, as well as resources about vaccination campaigns and CDC guidance, visit flu360.com.

Flucelvax Vaccine Pediatric 

A study funded by Seqirus CLS and published on October 15, 2023, concluded that using a QIVc is effective in pediatric patients, with evidence of incremental benefits over using a QIVe in preventing hospitalizations and influenza-related medical encounters in nearly all published studies. The use of QIVc in pediatric populations is cost-effective when incorporated into a broader scheme that spans multiple age groups. The lack of potential for mismatch due to egg adaptation, combined with manufacturing benefits, means that cell-based influenza vaccines can play an essential role in population-level protection against Influenza.

Flucelvax Vaccine Pregnancy

On October 25, 2023, Gregg C. Sylvester, MD, MPH, Seqirus, presented at the ACIP Meeting - Pregnancy Outcomes with ccIIV4 (Flucelvax); Post Marketing Study. The independent expert committee found no evidence of a safety concern. These data support the use of ccIIV4 for immunization against Influenza in pregnant women and the fetus/infant population. Additionally, Nicky Klein, MD, PhD, Director of the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, presented the safety of the quadrivalent recombinant influenza vaccine in pregnant women and their infants. In summary, within a large population of influenza-vaccinated pregnant women, no differences were observed in pregnancy, birth, and neonatal/infant outcomes when comparing RIV4 with SD-IIV4. No safety concerns were identified after RIV4 use in pregnancy.

CSL Seqirus presented original safety data at the Infectious Diseases Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology annual meeting from a new prospective observational cohort study evaluating pregnancy outcomes and fetal events of interest following vaccination with the Company's cell-based Flucelvax QIVc. The study found no unexpected adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women in the U.S. who were vaccinated with QIVc.

On July 30, 2021, Seqirus announced a 'prospective observational cohort study that evaluated pregnancy outcomes and events of interest in the fetus or infant following vaccination with QIVc during any trimester. "Pregnant people (women) and people (women) who have recently given birth can be particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases like influenza," commented Christopher Robinson, M.D., MSCR, Charleston Maternal-Fetal Medicine and study author, in a press release. "These data provide further reassurance on the safe use of seasonal influenza vaccines in pregnant people (women)."

Flucelvax Vaccine Price

CSL Seqirus provides a coding and billing guide for healthcare providers. 

Flucelvax Vs. Egg-Based Vaccines

On December 19, 2023, the Original Research should have presented real-world evidence (RWE) evaluating clinical outcomes among seniors aged 65 years or older, indicating a superior clinical benefit of all adjuvanted trivalent vaccines over standard egg-derived quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines. In a meta-analysis of RWE from cohort design studies, the pooled estimate for the relative vaccine effectiveness of V3 compared with IIV4e for the prevention of influenza-related medical encounters was 13.7% (95% confidence interval: 3.1%–24.2%).

Flucelvax Vaccine Dosage

Flucelvax is a preservative- and latex-free vaccine for intramuscular injection only. It is available as a 0.5ml intramuscular vaccine per dose.

Flucelvax Vaccine Side Effects

CSL Seqirus published a FluCelVax vaccine side effect disclosure in 2016, followed by Australia, and the EMA updated Flucelvax Tetra in 2020. The most common (≥10%) local and systemic reactions in adults 18-64 years of age were injection site pain (45.4%), headache (18.7%), fatigue (17.8%), and myalgia (15.4%), injection site erythema (13.4%), and induration (11.6%), according to the U.S. FDA.

Flucelvax Vaccine News

July 10, 2025 - Stefan Merlo, Vice President of Commercial Operations, North America, CSL Seqirus, stated, "In light of this, we are fully committed to supporting our partners in their efforts to protect the health of their communities by offering a differentiated portfolio of flu vaccines with options designed to provide higher levels of protection compared to traditional vaccines, helping address factors that commonly impact vaccine effectiveness."

July 9, 2024 - CSL Seqirus announced that it has commenced shipping its differentiated portfolio of influenza vaccines.

July 1, 2024 - The U.S. FDA wrote: We hereby approve the draft content of labeling, including the Package Insert submitted on March 28, 2024, and the draft carton and container labels submitted on the same date, as well as under Amendment 2, dated June 3, 2024.

February 8, 2024 - "Influenza continues to cause a significant public health burden, and the agility to rapidly adapt vaccines to match the circulating strains remains paramount. We are proud to say that we have responded swiftly to meet the FDA's directive and are committed to working with health authorities to support this transition ahead of the 2024/25 flu season," said Gregg Sylvester, Chief Health Officer and Head of Medical Affairs, CSL Seqirus.

October 11, 2023 - CSL Seqirus announced new data from three studies supporting the clinical, public health, and economic value of cell-based and adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccines. The data highlights the effectiveness and value of influenza vaccination in the U.S. across all relevant age groups, risk profiles, and influenza seasons with different levels of influenza burden.

August 15, 2023 - CSL Seqirus reported that FLUCELVAX® sales recently increased by 30%.

July 17, 2023 - CSL Seqirus announced it has begun to ship 55 million cell-based, adjuvanted, and egg-based influenza vaccines across the U.S.

September 26, 2022 - Seqirus published data that "show the benefits of adjuvanted and cell-based influenza vaccine technology advances, like aTIV and QIVc, in reducing influenza-related outcomes compared to high-dose or standard vaccines in the real-world setting," said Dr. Gregg Sylvester, Chief Health Officer

July 11, 2022 - CSL Seqirus announced the shipping of its influenza vaccines for the 2022/23 flu season. 

June 6, 2022 - Seqirus announced the completion of an expansion to its manufacturing facility in Holly Springs, N.C., which supports the formulation and fill-finish of cell-based influenza vaccines in pre-filled syringes for global communities. The U.S. FDA-approved manufacturing facility and pre-filled syringe line will allow Seqirus to increase its capacity to supply the U.S. market with FLUCELVAX® QUADRIVALENT vaccines.

June 2, 2022 - Seqirus announced its manufacturing facility in Holly Springs, North Carolina. It has successfully met all the criteria required to establish domestic manufacturing capability for cell-based seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines, as outlined by the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA). Additionally, the joint investment enables Seqirus to sustain the production of differentiated seasonal cell-based influenza vaccines.

October 19, 2021 - Seqirus presented new real-world evidence (RWE) at the International Society for Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases (ISIRV) global meeting. Most notably, Seqirus' cell-based quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (QIVc) was more effective than standard, egg-based quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVe) in reducing influenza-related medical encounters (IRME) in children (aged ≥4 to ≤17) and adults (aged ≥18) during the 2019/20 U.S. influenza season.

October 15, 2021 - New Jersey-based Seqirus announced that the U.S. FDA had approved FLUCELVAX® QUADRIVALENT for an expanded age indication for children as young as six months old.

August 19, 2021 - Seqirus announced plans to accelerate the development of its next-generation messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine technology, self-amplifying messenger RNA (sa-mRNA), by establishing a dedicated sa-mRNA program. Seqirus is developing several sa-mRNA-based influenza vaccine candidates, with pre-clinical results demonstrating promise compared to more traditional influenza vaccine technologies. The Company targets clinical trials for seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine candidates in the second half of 2022.

July 30, 2021 - The Flucelvax Quadrivalent Vaccine (QIVc) was safe for pregnant women. "These data provide additional safety information regarding unexpected pregnancy complications and/or fetal outcomes to healthcare providers considering vaccination to protect their pregnant patients from the flu," said Josephine van Boxmeer, lead Clinical Scientist for the study at Seqirus and an author. "We are committed to helping to protect as many people as possible against influenza, including those who are pregnant."

May 3, 2021 - Seqirus-US presented new Phase 3 clinical data demonstrating that the Company's cell-based quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (QIVc) was as safe and immunogenic as a standard quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (QIV) in children six months through <4 years of age during the U.S. 2019/20 influenza season.

March 18, 2021 - Seqirus announced that Health Canada had approved FLUCELVAX® QUADRIVALENT.

March 4, 2021 - Seqirus announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration had approved FLUCELVAX® QUADRIVALENT (Influenza Vaccine), the Company's cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVc), for an expanded age indication for people two years of age and older.

December 9, 2020 - Seqirus presented new real-world evidence at the European Scientific Working Group on Influenza 2020 showing the clinical benefits of a cell-based, quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (QIVc) in preventing influenza-related medical encounters compared to an egg-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVe) during the 2018 - 2019 influenza season.

October 29, 2020 - Seqirus presented absolute efficacy data on the Company's cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVc) from a randomized controlled trial, which met its primary endpoint in children and adolescents between ≥2 <18 years of age over three influenza seasons.

July 30, 2020 - Seqirus announced it has begun shipping its portfolio of seasonal influenza vaccines to customers in the U.S. for the 2020/21 influenza season. Seqirus is one of the world's largest influenza vaccine companies, well-positioned to supply up to 60 million doses to the U.S. market, depending on demand.

Flucelvax Clinical Trials

Seqirus continues to evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of QIVc in clinical trials.

0 min read
Availability: 
USA
Generic: 
QIVc
Drug Class: 
Cell Based Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Saturday, July 12, 2025 - 07:25
Brand: 
Flucelvax
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
FDA First In Class: 
Yes
Kosher: 
Yes
Halal: 
Yes
Rate Vaccine: 
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Zostavax Shingles Vaccine

Zostavax Shingles Zoster Vaccine

Merck's Zostavax is a live, attenuated varicella-zoster virus (weakened chickenpox virus) vaccine. The U.S. CDC says the zoster vaccine can be administered concurrently with all other live and inactivated vaccines, including those routinely recommended for people 60 years of age or older, such as influenza and pneumococcal vaccines,

Zostavax works by helping immune systems protect people from getting shingles. Herpes zoster (HZ), also known as "shingles," is caused by reactivation and multiplication of the ubiquitous varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that remains latent in everyone's sensory neurons following varicella, or "chickenpox." Among individuals who live to age 85, the lifetime risk for HZ is 50%, and more than one in five individuals affected by zoster develops post-herpetic neuralgia, resulting in chronic pain. If you do get shingles even though you have been vaccinated, ZOSTAVAX may help prevent the nerve pain that can follow shingles in some people.

In 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration expanded the age indication for Zostavax to include people 50 through 59 years old for preventing herpes zoster. This decision was based on aan extensive study showing that the vaccine initially reduced the risk of zoster by approximately 70%. On May 22, 2020, Merck issued a letter informing healthcare providers that it will no longer sell ZOSTAVAX in the USA, effective July 1, 2020. This decision is unrelated to product safety or manufacturing issues and only affects vaccine customers in the USA.

Merck is the producer of Zostavax. UNII: GPV39ZGD8C

Zostervax Vaccine Protection

The BMJ published a study on September 29, 2023, that concluded ZOSTAVAX™ effectiveness waned substantially after 10 years, with protection low against herpes zoster but higher against postherpetic neuralgia.

Zostavax Vaccine Indication

Healthcare providers considering the herpes zoster vaccine for certain ages should discuss the risks and benefits of vaccination with their patients.  Zostavax is indicated for adults 50 years of age or older and helps boost the immune system against herpes zoster virus and shingles, says the US CDC. When administering the zoster vaccine to people 60 yr older, there is no need to ask for a varicella history or conduct laboratory testing for serologic evidence of prior varicella-zoster virus infection. Almost all people 60 years or older born in the United States have had a previous infection with the varicella-zoster virus.

Persons who report not having varicella can still receive the zoster vaccine. Therefore, laboratory testing to determine if there is evidence of past infection with the varicella-zoster virus is unnecessary. However, the zoster vaccine should not be administered to anyone who has ever had a life-threatening or severe allergic reaction to gelatin, the antibiotic neomycin, or any other component of the shingles vaccine, or someone who has a weakened immune system, says the CDC.

Zostavax Vaccine Dosage

Zostavax is given as a single dose by injection under the skin. Zostavax cannot be used to treat Shingles or the nerve pain that may follow Shingles once you have it.

Zostavax Vaccine News

December 7, 2022 - U.S. District Court Justice Harvey Bartle dismissed 1,189 lawsuits after the plaintiffs failed to produce evidence that their cases of shingles were caused by the vaccine and not by a reactivated shingles virus.

September 28, 2021 - The Annals of Internal Medicine published Original Research: The Safety and Immunologic Effectiveness of the Live Varicella-Zoster Vaccine in Patients Receiving Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Therapy, A Randomized Controlled Phase 2 Trial. Suspected varicella infection or herpes zoster was clinically assessed using digital photographs and polymerase chain reaction on vesicular fluid. Between March 2015 and December 2018, 617 participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive ZVL (n = 310) or placebo (n = 307) at 33 centers. The mean age was 62.7 years (SD, 7.5); 66.1% of participants were female, 90% were White, 8.2% were Black, and 5.9% were Hispanic. The most common TNFi indications were rheumatoid arthritis (57.6%) and psoriatic arthritis (24.1%); TNFi medications were adalimumab (32.7%), infliximab (31.3%), etanercept (21.2%), golimumab (9.1%), and certolizumab (5.7%). Concomitant therapies included methotrexate (48.0%) and oral glucocorticoids (10.5%). Through week 6, no cases of confirmed varicella infection were found; the cumulative incidence of varicella infection or shingles was 0.0% (95% CI, 0.0% to 1.2%). At six weeks, compared with baseline, the mean increases in geometric mean fold rise as measured by gpELISA and ELISpot were 1.33 percentage points (CI, 1.17 to 1.51 percentage points) and 1.39 percentage points (CI, 1.07 to 1.82 percentage points), respectively.

Zostavax Shingles Vaccine Clinical Trial

Post-Licensure Observational Study of the Long-term Effectiveness of ZOSTAVAX™. ZOSTAVAX™ (Zoster Vaccine Live) Long-term Effectiveness Study (V211-024).

Clinical Trial NCT03120364: Immunogenicity and Safety of NBP608 Compared to Zostavax in Healthy AAdultsAged 50 and Over. This is a phase 3 multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, parallel-group study to assess the Immunogenicity and safety of NBP608 compared to Zostavax, which is indicated for preventing herpes zoster.

0 min read
Generic: 
Zoster Vaccine Live
Drug Class: 
Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Sunday, November 12, 2023 - 10:40
Brand: 
Zostavax
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
Kosher: 
Yes
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YF-VAX Yellow Fever Vaccine

YF-VAX® Yellow Fever Vaccine Clinical Trials, Dosage, Efficacy, Side Effects

Sanofi Pasteur YF-VAX® vaccine is prepared by culturing the 17D-204 strain of yellow fever virus in living avian leukosis-free chicken embryos. YF-Vax contains sorbitol and gelatin as stabilizers, is lyophilized, and is hermetically sealed under nitrogen, and no preservative is added. The YF-VAX vaccine must be reconstituted immediately before using the sterile diluent provided (Sodium Chloride Injection USP). After reconstitution, YF-VAX is a slightly pink-brown suspension that meets the World Health Organization (WHO) standards for the yellow fever vaccine.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the YF-VAX vaccine (BL 103915103915/5220), and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S. Dept of Defense (DoD), and other health agencies have recommended YF-VAX since 2016. As of February 2026, the YF-VAX vaccine is commercailly available at certified travel clinics in the U.S.

The FDA reported that 'two live, attenuated yellow fever vaccines, strains 17D-204 and 17DD, were derived in parallel in the 1930s. Historical data suggest that "17D vaccines" have identical safety and immunogenicity profiles. Therefore, vaccination with 17D strain vaccines is expected to elicit an immune response similar to that elicited by wild-type infection. This response is presumed to result from the initial infection of cells in the dermis or other subcutaneous tissues near the injection site, with subsequent replication and limited spread of the virus leading to the processing and presentation of viral antigens to the immune system, as would occur during infection with wild-type yellow fever virus. Therefore, the humoral immune response to the viral structural proteins, as opposed to a cell-mediated response, is most important in the protective effect of 17D vaccines.

Sanofi Pasteur announced that effective April 5, 2021, YF-VAX® (NDC Code: 49281-915-01) became available again in the U.S. and is now available at authorized YF-VAX providers. According to the IHR (2005) third edition, the international vaccination certificate against yellow fever becomes valid 10 days after vaccination and remains valid throughout the vaccinated person's lifetime. 

As of February 2026, the WHO publishes a list of countries requiring proof of yellow fever vaccination upon arrival.

Sanofi Pasteur, a Sanofi company, aims to ensure continued access to the yellow fever vaccine for travelers to international destinations where it is required or recommended. Sanofi is dedicated to supporting people through their health challenges. On December 26, 2020, the FDA licensed the new Sanofi Pasteur YF-VAX production facility, and doses are progressing through manufacturing. Efforts are underway to build an inventory and supply of YF-VAX, which will remain prioritized for the U.S. military.

Eliminate Yellow Fever Epidemics Strategy

The yellow fever (YF) virus is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus Flavivirus. It is transmitted to humans via the bite of an infected mosquito. The WHO published the "Eliminate Yellow Fever Epidemics" global disease prevention strategy. The ten-year EYE Strategy is a worldwide coalition of over 50 partners in 40 countries that has been accelerating efforts to prevent yellow fever outbreaks, protect at-risk populations, and save lives worldwide since 2017. According to EYE Strategy data, 226 million more people in Africa have been protected from yellow fever through a single-dose vaccine.

Yellow Fever Boosters

The U.S. CDC states that a yellow fever vaccine booster dose is not necessary. The Brazilian government said that individuals who received a fractional dose of the yellow fever vaccine in 2018 and plan to travel to São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Roraima, and Tocantins in 2025 should receive an additional dose in the standard presentation. As of April 2024, the findings from a study support the International Health Regulations, stating that a single-dose yellow fever vaccination provides lifelong protection for travelers. 

YF-Vax Vaccine Price

Sanofi Pasteur and the U.S. CDC have confirmed the YF-VAX® vaccine is available in certified pharmacies and travel clinics. Sanofi's Patient Connection® offers various vaccine price savings. Sanofi has live support specialists at (800) 633-1610 to answer patients' questions. The CDC's Vaccines For Children program provides vaccines at no cost to qualifying children.

YF-VAX Vaccine Indication

Yellow fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease transmitted by infected mosquitoes. The "yellow" in the name refers to jaundice, a condition that affects some patients. The YF-VAX vaccine is indicated for active immunization to prevent yellow fever in individuals 9 months of age and older who are at increased risk of yellow fever, helping prevent them from contracting the disease. However, vaccination with YF-VAX may not protect all individuals. 

YF-VAX should not be given to individuals who have experienced a severe allergic reaction to eggs, egg products, or any vaccine component (gelatin). In addition, the following persons should not receive YF-VAX: infants younger than 9 months of age due to an increased risk of brain inflammation; breastfeeding women with infants younger than 9 months; and individuals with severely suppressed or compromised immune systems. Therefore, the risk of disease versus the risk of a severe adverse event should be assessed before vaccine administration. 

Geriatrics: YF-VAX® is indicated in persons 60 years of age and above. Pediatrics: YF-VAX® is indicated in persons nine months of age or older. Vaccination of infants under nine months of age IS CONTRAINDICATED because of the risk of encephalitis, and travel of such persons to rural areas in yellow fever endemic zones or countries experiencing an epidemic should be postponed or avoided whenever possible. Pregnant Women: Pregnant women should be considered for immunization only if travel to an area at risk of yellow fever is unavoidable. It is also unknown whether the YF-VAX vaccine can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or affect reproductive capacity. Therefore, the YF-VAX vaccine should be given to a pregnant woman only if necessary. Additionally, the seroconversion rate to 17D vaccines is significantly reduced in pregnant women. 

YF-VAX Vaccine Side Effects

YF-17D vaccines are among the safest and most effective available. Adverse events (AEs) following vaccination are usually mild. The most common side effects of YF-VAX include swelling and pain at the injection site, headache, generalized muscle aches or discomfort, and fever. Other side effects may occur. The YF-VAX vaccine should not be given to an individual who has experienced a severe allergic reaction to eggs, egg products, or a vaccine component using gelatin. A severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) may occur following the use of the YF-VAX vaccine, even in individuals with no prior history of hypersensitivity to the vaccine components. Rarely has the yellow fever vaccine been associated with a disease affecting multiple organs, including brain inflammation.

YF-VAX Vaccine Breastfeeding

Since 2010, there have been health concerns about lactating mothers breastfeeding infants following yellow fever vaccinations. As of 2023, two serious adverse events have been reported in breastfed infants whose mothers were vaccinated with the Yellow Fever vaccine. Until more information is available, the U.S. CDC recommends avoiding the Yellow Fever vaccine in breastfeeding women.

YF-VAX Vaccine Drug Interactions

Data are limited on drug interactions between the YF-VAX vaccine and other vaccines, such as the Measles (Schwartz strain) vaccine and the diphtheria, tetanus toxoid, and pertussis vaccine adsorbed. Hepatitis A and B vaccines, meningococcal vaccine (Menomune A/C/Y/W-1), typhoid vaccine (Typhim Vi), and the yellow fever vaccine have been administered at separate injection sites. No data exist on possible interference between yellow fever, rabies, or Japanese encephalitis vaccines.

YF-VAX Vaccine Immunocompromised

A meta-analysis published in August 2022 concluded that there are theoretical contraindications to the use of the YF vaccine in immunocompromised individuals; however, the increased risk of adverse events has not been confirmed.

YF-VAX Vaccine Breakthrough Infections

As documented in the literature, breakthrough infections with the yellow fever vaccine are rare. In December 2024, a study found that the pooled percentage of verified yellow fever breakthrough infections among probable and confirmed cases was 3% (95% CI 1-19%). No confirmed breakthrough infections have occurred 10 years or more after vaccination against yellow fever.

YF-VAX Vaccine Dosage

YF-VAX is administered as a single subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mL of reconstituted vaccine. Do not administer YF-VAX by intravascular, intramuscular, or intradermal routes. A single dose protects most people for ten years. Sanofi Pasteur's complete YF-VAX Vaccine Prescribing Information is available. The vial stoppers for YF-VAX and diluent are not made with natural rubber latex.

Yellow Fever International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis

Certain countries may require travelers to be vaccinated against yellow fever to protect individual travelers and countries from the risk of importing or spreading the yellow fever virus. These requirements apply to the country you will be visiting; in that case, you may need the 'yellow fever card,' the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICVP), or Prophylaxis as proof of vaccination. The ICVP becomes effective 10 days after vaccination.

YF-VAX Vaccine News

April 15, 2025 - The U.S. CDC issued a Level 2 Travel Health Advisory for the yellow fever outbreak in South America.

December 30, 2023 - Study: Phylogenetic analysis reveals a new introduction of the Yellow Fever virus in São Paulo State, Brazil, 2023.

October 28, 2023 - The Africa CDC confirmed active yellow fever outbreaks in seven countries.

March 21, 2023 - Study: Enhanced safety surveillance of yellow fever vaccine provided under the expanded access investigational new drug program in the USA.

April 25, 2023 - The PAHO confirmed additional yellow fever cases and related fatalities.

January 15, 2023 - The WHO Africa reported one yellow fever-related fatality in an unvaccinated young woman in Guinea.

January 3, 2023 - The WHO African Region reassessed the risk at the regional level as moderate in December 2022, after it was previously reported as high in November 2021 and June 2022. The global risk remains low, as no cases related to the current African outbreak have been reported outside Africa. 

September 2, 2022 - According to the WHO EYE strategy, twenty-seven African countries are at high risk for yellow fever based on the timing and intensity of yellow fever virus transmission, transmission potential, and urban risk assessment. The risk of a global outbreak is assessed as low, as no exported cases of yellow fever linked to these 12 countries with probable or confirmed cases have been reported since January 2021.

July 31, 2022 - According to the U.S. CDC, approximately thirty countries are considered 'endemic' for the mosquito-borne yellow fever virus. 

March 8, 2022: BMC reported on the 'Changing epidemiology of yellow fever virus in Oyo State, Nigeria.'

April 5, 2021 - The U.S. CDC confirmed that Sanofi Pasteur announced that YF-VAX is again available for purchase in the USA. Providers with a current Yellow Fever Vaccination Stamp issued by their state or territorial health department may order YF-VAX from the manufacturer.

December 23, 2020—Sanofi Pasteur confirmed that the U.S. Expanded Access Investigational Drug Application Program (EAP) for STAMARIL® would continue into 2021. Therefore, when YF-VAX returns, a brief transition period will precede discontinuation of the STAMARIL EAP.

June 25, 2020 - The U.S. FDA has licensed Sanofi Pasteur's new U.S. YF-VAX vaccine production facility, and doses are progressing through manufacturing. 

December 23, 2019 - Sanofi has collaborated with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to provide the STAMARIL vaccine through an Expanded Access Program (EAP) during the YF-VAX vaccine shortage.

August 6, 2019 - The U.S. FDA approved an Expanded Approval Letter for the YF-VAX yellow fever vaccine.

May 2, 2019 – The Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has licensed a new state-of-the-art yellow fever vaccine production facility in the USA. According to a statement from Sanofi Pasteur, the transition to YF-VAX production is ongoing.

January 25, 2018 - Brazil launched a mass immunization campaign to deliver fractional doses of the yellow fever vaccine to residents of 69 municipalities in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. 

June 15, 2016 - FDA Approval Letter - To revise the YF-VAX  package insert to align Booster Dosing language with recent changes to International Health Regulations and WHO/ACIP recommendations and modify the text throughout the document to clarify and update the presented information.

YF-VAX Yellow Fever Vaccine Clinical Trials

YF-VAX continues to be studied in various clinical trials.

0 min read
Availability: 
About 70 countries
Generic: 
17D-204
Drug Class: 
Vaccine
Condition: 
Last Reviewed: 
Monday, February 2, 2026 - 06:15
Brand: 
YF-VAX®
Status: 
Manufacturer Country ID: 
Kosher: 
Yes
Rate Vaccine: 
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