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JNJ-1802 Dengue Antiviral

JNJ-1802 Dengue Antiviral 2023

Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies JNJ-1802 first-in-class dengue antiviral uses a novel mechanism of action to prevent the interaction between two viral proteins (NS3 and NS4B), thereby stopping the ability of the virus to replicate. JNJ-1802 was shown to be safe and well tolerated in a Phase 1 first-in-human clinical study and is progressing into Phase 2 clinical studies for the prevention and treatment of dengue.

Recent data indicate JNJ-1802 is effective against all four dengue serotypes in mouse models and provides strong protection against two tested serotypes (DENV-1 and -2) in non-human primates. These findings build on research published in the journal Nature in 2021 that first identified the novel mechanism of action from the same chemical series as JNJ-1802.

Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies focuses on areas of medicine where we can make the biggest difference: Cardiovascular & Metabolism, Immunology, Infectious Diseases & Vaccines, Neuroscience, Oncology, and Pulmonary Hypertension.

New Jersey-based Johnson & Johnson’s work against dengue is one part of a larger, more than 15-year legacy working to address the burden of Neglected Tropical Diseases, a group of about 20 communicable diseases that affect more than 1.7 billion people in 149 countries around the world. Additionally, the Company launched the Satellite Center for Global Health Discovery at Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore in June 2022, which is focused on accelerating early-stage discovery research to address the growing challenge of flaviviruses, including dengue.

JNJ-1802 Indication

JNJ-1802 is indicated to protect people against four dengue serotypes. Current research supports the further clinical development of JNJ-1802 for both the prevention and treatment of dengue. Dengue reinfection is possible due to the presence of four dengue serotypes.

JNJ-1802 News 2023

March 15, 2023 - Janssen Announces Novel Dengue Antiviral Demonstrates Efficacy in Preclinical Data Published in Nature.

October 6, 2021 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced the publication of preclinical data in the journal Nature showing that an early-stage compound with a novel mechanism of action could potentially treat all serotypes of dengue fever and provide a period of protection against acquiring the dengue virus.

JNJ-1802 Clinical Trials

Phase 2 clinical trial - Last Update Posted: February 16, 2023.

Phase 2 ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04906980 - Last Update Posted: March 15, 2023.

The Phase 1 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of the novel dengue antiviral compound, which is being developed to prevent dengue. Results from the study show that Janssen’s breakthrough compound administered orally in single or multiple doses, was safe and well-tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported. The preclinical results also demonstrated promising safety data and excellent efficacy at preventing dengue virus infection in mouse and non-human primate models by blocking the interaction between two viral proteins (NS3 and NS4B) that are needed in the replication process of the dengue virus.

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Manufacturer:

Janssen

Reviewer:

Robert Carlson, MD

Vaccine:

JNJ-1802 Dengue Antiviral

Availability:

N/A

Generic:

JNJ-1802

Drug Class:

Antiviral

Clinical Trial Phase I:

Phase 1 study

Clinical Trial Phase II:

A Study of JNJ-64281802 Against Dengue Serotype 1 Infection in a Dengue Human Challenge Model in Healthy Adult Participants

Condition:

Dengue

Last Reviewed:

Monday, March 20, 2023 - 05:05

Status:

Candidate

Manufacturer Country ID:

FDA First In Class:

Yes

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The Florida Health Department recently reported there had been 39 travel-associated dengue cases as of March 11, 2023. And in 2022, 903 travel-associated dengue cases were confirmed, primarily focusing on south Florida.

Since Miami, Florida is a significant destination for many southern hemisphere travelers, updated research is helping identify where these dengue-infected visitors originate.

In 2022, of the total of cases reported in the Pan American Health Region (PAHO) was 1,370,072.

The highest number of severe dengue cases reported by the PAHO was in Brazil, with 1,450 cases (31.5%), Colombia with 1,371 cases (29.8%), Honduras 436 cases (9.5%), Mexico with 410 cases (8.9%), and the Dominican Republic 279 with cases (6.1%).

With the increased access to dengue prevention vaccines such as Qdenga® in Brazil, an unanswered question is whether Miami should require proof of vaccination before visiting.

While the recent pandemic generated much debate about vaccination requirements, over 30 PAHO countries continue requiring yellow fever vaccination verification before visiting in March 2023.

With Miami International Airport's (MIA) record-breaking growth carrying into 2023, the airport is expecting its busiest spring break travel season.

Passenger totals at MIA in January and February 2023 were all-time highs for those months, with February bringing in a total of 4.1 million passengers.

According to aviation analytics provider Cirium, MIA is the fastest-growing U.S. airport in airline seats compared to pre-pandemic levels.

Overall, the U.S. TSA recently reported a slight increase in air passenger screening at airports in the U.S. as compared with 2019 activity.

Vaccine Treats:

Dengue

Image:

Image Caption:

Miami International Airport March 2023

Live Blog Update Author:

Karen McClorey Hackett

Location Tags:

Miami

Vaccine:

QDENGA (TAK-003) Dengue Vaccine

Spring Break 2023 Warnings Include Mexico's Beaches

Acapulco and Mayan Riviera travel advisories updated for Spring Break 2023

March 18, 2023

Fact checked by Robert Carlson, MD

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AfricaNews recently reported the United Republic of Tanzania requested medical experts investigate a mysterious "communicable" disease that has already killed five people in the country in March 2023.

Outbreaks are not new in the east African country of Tanzania.

In July 2022, a disease whose symptoms included nosebleeds, fever, headaches, and fatigue, was detected in the Lindi region. A total of 13 patients were detected then.

The World Health Organization later confirmed 20 cases of leptospirosis in two districts in the Lindi Region, including three deaths. The majority of these cases were men who were farmers as of August 8, 2022.

And in 2019, a disease with Ebola-like symptoms killed one woman who had visited Uganda, where an Ebola outbreak was detected.

Tanzania was formed as a sovereign state in 1964 through the combination of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, reports Britannica.

No U.S. CDC health notices are in effect for Tanzania, including Zanzibar, as of March 18, 2023.

Vaccine Treats:

Ebola

Image:

Image Caption:

U.S. CDC Tanzania March 2023

Live Blog Update Author:

Don Hackett

Location Tags:

Dodoma

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The World Health Organization (WHO) today announced that after three decades, authorities in the Republic of Burundi declared an outbreak of circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses - type 2 (CVDPV 2) after confirming eight polioviruses.

Circulating poliovirus type 2 infection can occur when the weakened strain of the virus in the oral polio vaccine spreads among under-immunized populations for long periods.

Additionally, five samples from environmental surveillance of wastewater confirmed the presence of the circulating poliovirus type 2.

Dr. Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa, commented in a press release on March 17, 2023, "We are supporting the national efforts to ramp up polio vaccination to ensure that no child is missed and faces no risk of polio's debilitating impact."

Burundi's government declared the detection of the poliovirus a national public health emergency and planned to implement a vaccination campaign for eligible children.

Burundi is a landlocked African country, a historical kingdom, and one of the few countries whose borders were not determined by colonial rulers, reports Britannica.

The WHO says polio is a vaccine-preventable disease.

Circulating poliovirus type 2 is the most prevalent form of polio in Africa.

More than 400 cases were reported in 14 countries in 2022.

International travelers were alerted to this and other polio outbreaks when the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reissued its Global Polio travel alert in March 2023.

Vaccine Treats:

Polio

Image:

Image Caption:

GPEI WPV1 and cVDPV polio cases March 14, 2023

Live Blog Update Author:

Don Hackett

Location Tags:

Gitega

Vaccine:

nOPV2 Polio Vaccine March 2023

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The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson recently announced an early-stage antiviral candidate (JNJ-1802) provides strong protection against dengue in non-human primates and mice.

The new data indicate JNJ-1802 is effective against all four dengue serotypes in mouse models and provides strong protection against two tested serotypes (DENV-1 and -2) in non-human primates.

The first-in-class antiviral, which was shown to be safe and well tolerated in a first-in-human clinical study, is progressing into Phase 2 clinical studies for the prevention and treatment of dengue.

"The unprecedented rise in dengue outbreaks throughout the past years offers a glimpse of what lies ahead ....." said Ruxandra Draghia-Akli, M.D., Ph.D., Global Head, Global Public Health R&D at Janssen Research & Development, LLC, in a press release on March 15, 2023.

"We know an antiviral will be critical to addressing the unmet needs today and tomorrow."

The peer-review journal Nature published this study: Blocking NS3–NS4B interaction inhibits dengue virus in non-human primates. These findings support the further clinical development of JNJ-1802, a first-in-class antiviral agent against dengue, which is now progressing in clinical studies to prevent and treat dengue.

Vaccine Treats:

Dengue

Image:

Image Caption:

by Andrew from Pixabay

Live Blog Update Author:

Don Hackett

Location Tags:

Beerse

Vaccine:

QDENGA (TAK-003) Dengue Vaccine

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Measles outbreaks increased by about 80% during 2022, and disease experts warned of increasing outbreaks in 2023.

For example, the World Health Organization (WHO) recently announced an outbreak of measles was confirmed in Nepalgunj sub-metropolitan city (SMC) in Banke district, Nepal, following a cluster of fever and rash cases.

Following the confirmation and through active case search as of March 14, 2023, the index case was identified, with the onset of symptoms on November 24, 2022. Between November 24, 2022, and March 10, 2023, 690 measles cases, including one associated death (case fatality ratio: 0.14 %), were reported from seven districts in western Nepal and three in eastern Nepal (Terai ecological region).

The majority of the cases (n=591; 86%) have been reported in children aged less than 15 years.

While measles is endemic in Nepal and is reported every year, the magnitude and extent of the current outbreak are unusually high compared to the previous years.

Only sporadic isolated measles cases had occurred since 2004 when a significant outbreak of over 12,000 cases was reported.

The WHO says the risk of the spread of measles is assessed as high at the national level and moderate at the regional level.

Measles is a vaccine-preventable disease, with various vaccines offered at clinics and community pharmacies in the U.S. during 2023.

Vaccine Treats:

Measles

Image:

Image Caption:

WHO measles outbreak Nepal November 10, 2023

Live Blog Update Author:

Don Hackett

Location Tags:

Nepal

Vaccine:

Measles Vaccines March 2023

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The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Technical Report issued on March 17, 2023, stated that despite the geographic spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) viruses, only a small number of 'bird flu' cases in people have been identified.

The CDC stated all reported human cases since 2022 have been associated with poultry exposures.

And no bird flu cases of human-to-human transmission have been identified, says the CDC.

However, because of the potential for influenza viruses to evolve rapidly, continued sporadic human infections are anticipated.

To date, more than 6,300 people in 52 jurisdictions have been monitored since 2022, and only one human case in Colorado has been identified.

However, there has been an upsurge in various mammals dying from bird flu in Canada and the U.S. during 2023.

The CDC presented some good news regarding bird flu vaccines.

An H5 candidate vaccine virus (CVV) produced by CDC is nearly identical or, in many samples, identical to the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of recently detected clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI A(H5N1) viruses in birds and mammals and could be used to produce a vaccine for people.

This H5 CVV is available and has been shared with vaccine manufacturers.

One manufacturer, CSL Seqirus Inc., has already produced a U.S. FDA-approved vaccine, Audenz™.

Audenz is a monovalent, adjuvanted, cell-based inactivated influenza (H5N1) subunit vaccine designed to protect people from bird flu.

Vaccine Treats:

Bird Flu

Image:

Image Caption:

by Ben Menting

Live Blog Update Author:

Don Hackett

Location Tags:

Atlanta

Vaccine:

Audenz Influenza A(H5N1) Vaccine

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The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) today reported two insightful data points. First, as of March 17, 2023, the CDC's national outpatient respiratory illness data is now below baseline, as are six of 10 HHS regions.

This data indicates the 2022-2023 flu season in the U.S. is coming to an early close.

However, as of week #10 data, seven additional influenza-associated pediatric deaths occurred.

The deaths occurred between week #47 of 2022 and week #9 of 2023.

All seven deaths were associated with influenza A viruses. Four of the influenza A viruses had subtyping performed; one was an A(H1N1) virus, and three were A(H3) viruses.

This CDC update means there have been 132 influenza-associated pediatric deaths this flu season, the most significant amount since 2019.

The CDC continues to remind everyone that flu shots remain available at most health clinics and pharmacies in the U.S.

Vaccine Treats:

Influenza

Image: